Household and Death. Commodification and Identities in Baja during the Late Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (LPPNB) of the Southern Levant

家庭与死亡。

基本信息

批准号：
393531712
负责人：
Professor Dr. Dominik Bonatz
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Vorderasiatische Archäologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2017-12-31 至 2021-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/393531712?language=en
关键词：
Household Death.Commodification Identities Baja

项目摘要

The transition to sedentary and productive life triggered fundamental changes in relationships between individuals, groups, things, spaces, and the cognitive dispositions and identities behind them, determining their interaction spheres. Built space, claimed tangible and intangible territories as well as the enhanced commodification (of ideas, knowledge, work, and things) became constitutive and decisive in an unprecedented way for early sedentary communities. The early Neolithic mega-villages of the Near East represent extraordinary archives for studying these productive transformation processes, in order to understand the historical relevance of the social and cognitive spheres which developed in their various environments. In particular, the state of research of the well-known mega-sites of the eastern Jordanian mountain ranges (2nd half of the 8th millennium BCE) must be considered an extraordinary empirical database for such investigations. The already available extensive data from Baja and Basta and the results of the feasibility study carried out in autumn 2016 in Baja for a research focus Household and Death. Processes of Social Commodification and Identities in the Late PPNB of the Southern Levant ensure the great potential for this research. Recent fieldwork allowed to identify an intramural cemetery in Baja, and confirmed the existence and location of intentionally buried household inventories aside the active households. The relation of households and sepulchral spheres played an important role in the establishment of early Neolithic life modes and value systems. Approaching by the concepts and results of Household and Death in Baja, the project heads for an integral/ holistic answer for the research questions, asked from a southern Levantine perspective: Which social and ideological roles did the dead under the house floors play, were daily practices separated from their ritual sphere? Through which types of organization were identities of value and commodity communities established? Which interrelated processes fostered the success of the productive life ways, and do their characteristic acceleration and agglomeration processes explain later historic developments? Can the productive, social, and economic core groups be identified through built entities? Is it possible to apply the concept of familial relationship in order to understand early social organizations? Is it sensible to consider household production entities only from the perspective of subsistence and procurement? Consisted early sedentary communities of corporately linked groups? Our project approaches the topic from the interior and holistic: It evaluates the neolithisation by the findings of a small Neolithic community and how it participated in the general Neolithic trajectory. It is aiming at a deep historical understanding of the Neolithic ethos which became the substratum of the productive lifeways of following times.

向久坐和生产性生活的转变引发了个人、群体、事物、空间之间的关系以及它们背后的认知倾向和身份的根本变化，从而决定了他们的互动范围。建筑空间、有形和无形领土的主张以及（思想、知识、工作和事物的）商品化的增强，对早期定居社区来说以前所未有的方式变得具有构成性和决定性。近东早期新石器时代的巨型村庄代表了研究这些生产转型过程的非凡档案，以便了解在其不同环境中发展的社会和认知领域的历史相关性。特别是，约旦东部山脉的著名巨型遗址（公元前八世纪下半叶）的研究状况必须被视为此类调查的非凡经验数据库。巴哈和巴斯塔已有的大量数据以及 2016 年秋季在巴哈开展的“家庭与死亡”研究重点的可行性研究结果。南黎凡特 PPNB 晚期的社会商品化和身份认同过程确保了这项研究的巨大潜力。最近的实地工作确定了巴哈的一个校内墓地，并确认了在活跃家庭旁边故意掩埋的家庭库存的存在和位置。家庭与墓地的关系对于新石器时代早期生活方式和价值体系的建立发挥了重要作用。通过《巴哈的家庭与死亡》的概念和结果，该项目从黎凡特南部的角度提出了研究问题的整体/整体答案：房屋地板下的死者每天扮演着哪些社会和意识形态角色？实践与仪式领域分离吗？价值认同和商品共同体是通过哪些类型的组织建立的？哪些相互关联的过程促进了生产生活方式的成功，它们特有的加速和聚集过程是否解释了后来的历史发展？能否通过已建成的实体来识别生产、社会和经济核心群体？是否可以应用家庭关系的概念来理解早期的社会组织？仅从生存和采购的角度考虑家庭生产主体是否明智？由企业联系团体组成的早期定居社区组成？我们的项目从内部和整体上探讨这个主题：它通过一个小型新石器时代社区的发现以及它如何参与新石器时代的总体轨迹来评估新石器化。它的目的是对新石器时代精神进行深刻的历史理解，这种精神成为后来时代生产生活方式的基础。