CO2 Mofetta - monitoring of natural carbon dioxide emissions using a network of low-cost sensors

CO2 Mofetta - 使用低成本传感器网络监测自然二氧化碳排放

• 批准号: 388143073
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Jens Bange
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arbeitsgruppe Umweltphysik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/388143073?language=en
• 关键词: CO2; Mofetta; monitoring; natural; carbon

The natural carbon dioxide (CO2) emission of the Eyach valley (between Horb and Rottenburg, Northern Black Forest, Germany) is observed and analysed in the proposed project. CO2 can accumulate near the surface and become hazardous for animals and humans. Also, CO2 is a climate-active greenhouse gas and contributes to the climate change. The CO2 concentrations in the Eyach valley have never been quantified with scientific methods. Similar and much larger areas with CO2 mofetta exist in various regions of the world and are not quantified. Thus the contribution of natural CO2 emission from geological sources to the atmospheric gas budget is entirely unknown.Goal of the project is the monitoring of the geological CO2 emission into the lower atmosphere in the Eyach valley and its surrounding. The experimentally gathered data will be used to quantify the amount of emitted CO2 and to specify the horizontal and the vertical gas fluxes, including temporal (diurnal and seasonal) variations. In order to reach this goal, a network of low-cost sensors will be installed, supported by a single eddy-covariance (EC) station. The low costs of a single sensor allow for the deployment of a larger number of sensors. The network gives both data with horizontal resolution and (after integration) area-representative numbers, including high temporal resolution. During the last years, the environmental-physics group at the University of Tübingen developed the suited type of low-cost sensors for this project. The usual disadvantage of low-cost equipment compared to high-grade sensors is a reduced absolute accuracy. Therefore, the sensor network will be complemented by an EC station that does not only deliver higher accuracy for the calibration of the network, but also the directly measured turbulent gas and heat fluxes, at least at one single location. The EC station is thus the reference for the calibration, for the determination of the turbulent exchange coefficients and for the long-term stability of the network. In addition to the CO2 measurement, the low-cost sensors will also be equipped with air temperature and air humidity sensors. Within the project, all sensors have to be obtained, but not financed: the entire equipment for the proposed project is already funded by the Alfred-Teufel foundation. Finally, the measured data will be added to a data base and offered to the science community via an internet interface.The project is structured in two phases of three years duration each. Here only the first phase is applied for. During the second phase, the measured data are used for the initialisation and verification of a numerical dispersion model. Furthermore, the developed methods will be exported to other regions with geological CO2 emission.

在拟议的项目中，对埃亚赫山谷（德国黑森林北部霍尔布和罗滕堡之间）的自然二氧化碳（CO2）排放进行了观察和分析，二氧化碳会在地表附近积聚，并对动物和人类造成危害。是一种对气候有影响的温室气体，并且会导致气候变化。世界各地都存在类似且面积大得多的二氧化碳浓度。因此，地质来源的自然二氧化碳排放对大气气体预算的贡献是完全未知的。该项目的目标是监测埃亚赫山谷及其周边地区低层大气的地质二氧化碳排放。将用于量化二氧化碳排放量并指定水平和垂直气体通量，包括时间（昼夜和季节）变化。为了实现这一目标，将安装一个低成本传感器网络，并得到支持。一个单一的涡协方差 (EC) 站的成本较低，因此可以部署更多数量的传感器。近年来，蒂宾根大学的环境物理小组为该项目开发了合适​​的低成本传感器，与高级传感器相比，低成本设备的通常缺点是绝对精度较低。传感器网络将得到补充EC 站不仅可以为网络校准提供更高的精度，而且可以至少在一个位置直接测量湍流气体和热通量，因此 EC 站是校准的参考，用于确定湍流交换系数和网络的长期稳定性除了二氧化碳测量外，低成本传感器还将配备空气温度和空气湿度传感器。但没有融资：整个拟议项目的设备已由 Alfred-Teufel 基金会资助。最后，测量数据将添加到数据库中，并通过互联网接口提供给科学界。该项目分为两个阶段，每个阶段持续三年。这里仅应用第一阶段，在第二阶段，测量数据用于数值扩散模型的初始化和验证，此外，所开发的方法将被导出到其他有地质CO2排放的地区。