Social consequences and specificity of intrapersonal dis-synchrony in autism and other disorders of social interaction

自闭症和其他社交互动障碍中个人内部不同步的社会后果和特殊性

• 批准号: 387494903
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Christine M. Falter-Wagner, Ph.D.
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/387494903?language=en
• 关键词: Social; consequences; specificity; intrapersonal; dis; Social; consequences; specificity; intrapersonal; dis

Intrapersonal synchrony as the temporal coordination of nonverbal signal within interacting individuals could be constitutive for the emergence of interpersonal coupling mechanisms and smooth interactions. Peculiar nonverbal communication is a core symptom of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and our aim was to investigate if this translates into deviant intrapersonal coordination of gaze and gestures.Deploying a highly standardized interpersonal study setup with eye-tracking technique and precisely synchronized data from different modalities, we measured quantitative parameters of nonverbal behaviour in individuals with ASD during real interactions. Results revealed empirical evidence for the production of larger and more variable temporal coupling windows between gaze and its accompanying gestures in individuals with ASD. We could not find evidence for a link of intrapersonal synchrony measures and sensorimotor timing performance assessed by a tapping task. Additionally, we did not find group differences in spatial properties of the gestures, measured by a newly developed frame-differencing algorithm. In two follow-up studies that we are currently developing, we aim to test if the perception of intrapersonal dis-synchrony affects the communicative effect of nonverbal signals and impression formation.Within this continuation proposal, we build up on our achievements and argue that there is research lacking in order to investigate specificity of effects that we found in individuals ASD. This is especially important regarding high rates of comorbidity in ASD and a symptomatic overlap with other psychopathologies. In line with this, we suggest to investigate intrapersonal synchrony in individuals with schizophrenia as well as in individuals with depression. All three psychiatric groups (i.e. ASD, schizophrenia, and depression) share impairments in the social and communicative domain, but still each group delineates by distinct symptomatology. Including these psychiatric groups, we will be able to infer potential underlying mechanisms of intrapersonal dis-synchrony, its specificity to ASD and thus its potential use in differential diagnostics.

人际同步作为相互作用个体中非语言信号的时间协调可能是人际耦合机制和平滑相互作用的出现。奇特的非语言交流是自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的核心症状（ASD），我们的目的是调查是否转化为凝视和手势的人际配位。将高度标准化的人际际研究设置与眼睛跟踪技术进行高度标准化的人际研究设置，并在不同的情况下进行互动的互动数据，我们的数量是在不同的数量上，我们的互动量很高，我们会在不同的情况下进行数量。结果显示，在ASD患者中，凝视及其随附的手势之间生产更大和更可变的时间耦合窗口的经验证据。我们找不到通过敲击任务评估的人际同步度量和感觉运动正时表现链接的证据。此外，我们没有发现通过新开发的框架差异算法来衡量的手势空间特性的群体差异。在我们目前正在进行的两项后续研究中，我们旨在测试人际疾病的感知是否会影响非语言信号和印象形成的沟通效应。在这一持续提案中，我们建立了我们的成就，并认为缺乏研究来研究我们在个人ASD中发现的效果的研究缺乏。这对于ASD的高合并症和与其他心理病理学的症状重叠尤为重要。与此相符，我们建议研究精神分裂症和抑郁症患者的人际同步。这三个精神病学群体（即ASD，精神分裂症和抑郁症）在社会和沟通领域都有损害，但仍然每个人都通过不同的症状来描述。包括这些精神病学群体，我们将能够推断出人际疾病的潜在基本机制，其对ASD的特异性以及其在差异诊断中的潜在使用。