Social consequences and specificity of intrapersonal dis-synchrony in autism and other disorders of social interaction

自闭症和其他社交互动障碍中个人内部不同步的社会后果和特殊性

• 批准号: 387494903
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Christine M. Falter-Wagner, Ph.D.
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/387494903?language=en
• 关键词: Social; consequences; specificity; intrapersonal; dis

Intrapersonal synchrony as the temporal coordination of nonverbal signal within interacting individuals could be constitutive for the emergence of interpersonal coupling mechanisms and smooth interactions. Peculiar nonverbal communication is a core symptom of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and our aim was to investigate if this translates into deviant intrapersonal coordination of gaze and gestures.Deploying a highly standardized interpersonal study setup with eye-tracking technique and precisely synchronized data from different modalities, we measured quantitative parameters of nonverbal behaviour in individuals with ASD during real interactions. Results revealed empirical evidence for the production of larger and more variable temporal coupling windows between gaze and its accompanying gestures in individuals with ASD. We could not find evidence for a link of intrapersonal synchrony measures and sensorimotor timing performance assessed by a tapping task. Additionally, we did not find group differences in spatial properties of the gestures, measured by a newly developed frame-differencing algorithm. In two follow-up studies that we are currently developing, we aim to test if the perception of intrapersonal dis-synchrony affects the communicative effect of nonverbal signals and impression formation.Within this continuation proposal, we build up on our achievements and argue that there is research lacking in order to investigate specificity of effects that we found in individuals ASD. This is especially important regarding high rates of comorbidity in ASD and a symptomatic overlap with other psychopathologies. In line with this, we suggest to investigate intrapersonal synchrony in individuals with schizophrenia as well as in individuals with depression. All three psychiatric groups (i.e. ASD, schizophrenia, and depression) share impairments in the social and communicative domain, but still each group delineates by distinct symptomatology. Including these psychiatric groups, we will be able to infer potential underlying mechanisms of intrapersonal dis-synchrony, its specificity to ASD and thus its potential use in differential diagnostics.

人际同步作为互动个体内非语言信号的时间协调可能是人际耦合机制和平稳互动的出现的组成部分。特殊的非语言交流是自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的核心症状，我们的目的是调查这是否会转化为眼神和手势的异常人际协调。部署高度标准化的人际研究设置，采用眼动追踪技术和来自不同领域的精确同步数据。模态，我们测量了自闭症患者在真实互动过程中非语言行为的定量参数。结果揭示了自闭症谱系障碍患者的凝视及其伴随姿势之间产生更大且更可变的时间耦合窗口的经验证据。我们无法找到证据证明个人内部同步性测量与通过敲击任务评估的感觉运动计时表现之间存在联系。此外，通过新开发的帧差异算法测量，我们没有发现手势空间属性的群体差异。在我们目前正在进行的两项后续研究中，我们旨在测试个人内部不同步的感知是否会影响非语言信号和印象形成的交际效果。在这项延续提案中，我们在我们的成就的基础上，认为缺乏研究来调查我们在自闭症谱系障碍个体中发现的影响的特异性。对于自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 合并症的高发生率以及与其他精神病理学症状重叠的情况来说，这一点尤其重要。与此相一致，我们建议研究精神分裂症患者和抑郁症患者的个人同步性。所有三个精神病学组（即自闭症谱系障碍、精神分裂症和抑郁症）在社交和交流领域都有共同的障碍，但每个组仍然有不同的症状。包括这些精神病学群体，我们将能够推断出个人内部不同步的潜在潜在机制、其对自闭症谱系障碍的特异性以及其在鉴别诊断中的潜在用途。