Hungerstrike. The History of a Form of Protest in the United States, 1880 to World War II

绝食抗议。

基本信息

批准号：
329546704
负责人：
Professor Dr. Martin H. Geyer
金额：
--
依托单位：
Abteilung für Neueste Geschichte und Zeitgeschichte
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2016-12-31 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/329546704?language=en
关键词：
Hungerstrike.History Form Protest United

项目摘要

Since the end of the nineteenth century, hunger strikes have been used as a means of radical protest that effectively attracts publicity. From a transnational perspective, the project focuses on the adoption, application, and reception of hunger strikes in the United States. The study covers the period from the late nineteenth century to the end of the 1960s, thus ensuring that a close look can be taken of the first media coverage of hunger strikes by American actors in the late nineteenth century, the established use of this form of protest by political prisoners starting in 1914, and the hunger strikes in the social movements of the 1960s. The central question is: In which contexts were the refusal to eat effectively used and perceived as a form of protest and how did hunger strikes become established as a new instrument of political protest? From this, four general questions arise. First, to which social environment were those involved in hunger strikes linked and which public did they address? Second, can hunger strikes be understood as a form of protest specific to states of emergency? Third, what does the practice of refusing food mean for the actors themselves, especially when such protest can end in the self-sacrifice of their own lives? And fourth, in which political debates did actors resort to hunger strikes and how were these strikes perceived and interpreted both in the media and in scholarly work? In addition, the project aims to open up the social and cultural history of the United States to a pointedly transnational perspective in order to reconstruct the importance of how political (fasting) practices from Russia, Great Britain, and India were received.

自19世纪末以来，饥饿罢工被用作有效吸引宣传的激进抗议的一种手段。从跨国的角度来看，该项目着重于美国饥饿罢工的采用，应用和接受。该研究涵盖了从19世纪末到1960年代末期的这段时期，从而确保了19世纪后期对美国演员对饥饿罢工的首次介绍的仔细观察，这是对这种形式的确定使用从1914年开始的政治犯抗议，以及1960年代社会运动的饥饿袭击。中心问题是：在哪些情况下，拒绝有效使用和被视为一种抗议形式，而饥饿罢工是如何成为一种新的政治抗议手段的？由此，出现了四个一般问题。首先，那些参与饥饿罢工的社会环境与哪些社会环境联系在一起？其次，饥饿罢工是否可以理解为特定于紧急状态的抗议形式？第三，拒绝食物的做法对演员本身意味着什么，尤其是当这种抗议以自己生活的自我牺牲结束时？第四，演员们在哪些政治辩论中诉诸饥饿，这些罢工在媒体和学术工作中如何看待和解释？此外，该项目旨在将美国的社会和文化历史开放到一个明显的跨国观点，以重建如何收到俄罗斯，英国和印度的政治（禁食）实践的重要性。