Multiple mechanisms of species coexistence as a basis for biodiversity maintenance and ecosystem functioning

物种共存的多种机制作为生物多样性维护和生态系统功能的基础

• 批准号: 289388389
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Markus Fischer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Plant Ecology
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/289388389?language=en
• 关键词: Multiple; mechanisms; species; coexistence; basis

Explaining the mechanisms underlying species coexistence is fundamental for understanding the maintenance of biodiversity at local scale and the effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning. In this subproject we will analyse the time course of population dynamics in the plant communities of the Jena Experiment to test for multiple mechanisms of species coexistence.(1) We will apply competitive network theory by analysing whether the possibility to predict species` competitive ranks from pair-wise competition matrices decreases with increasing plant diversity and by evaluating how it relates to the functional traits of the involved species.(2) Based on recent coexistence theory, we will test for negative frequency-dependence of population growth as an indicator of stabilizing niche differences. We will explore the single and cumulative effects of various predictors related to stabilizing mechanisms such as functional trait differences among species as indicator for niche complementarity in resource use, frequency-dependent attack of natural enemies (herbivores, fungal pathogens) and species-specific responses to environmental variation as well as the importance of relative fitness differences derived from seed and seedling demographic rates.(3) We will explore the consequences of intransitivity in competition networks and mean rank shifts in species abundances for multiple ecosystem functions and their temporal variability.(4) Finally, we will study how plant-soil feedback affects plant performance and invasion resistance of the plant communities by contributing to the new DeLT-BEF with a phytometer study focusing on species with low and high performance, respectively, in the communities of the long-term main experiment and studying the composition of the spontaneously colonizing species in the different treatments of the DeLT-BEF.In summary, the synthesis analyses of the long time series of population dynamics, together with a unique compilation of data related to different mechanisms potentially explaining species coexistence and the new experimental data obtained in this subproject, will advance our understanding of the maintenance of biodiversity in local species assemblages and its consequences for ecosystem functioning.

解释存在物种共存的机制对于理解局部规模的生物多样性以及生物多样性对生态系统功能的影响至关重要。在本次项目中，我们将分析Jena实验植物群落中种群动态的时间过程，以测试物种共存的多种机制。（1）我们将通过分析从中预测物种竞争等级的可能性来应用竞争性网络理论配对竞争矩阵随着植物多样性的增加并评估其与所涉及物种的功能性状的关系。（2）基于最近的共存理论，我们将测试人口增长的负频率依赖性作为稳定的指标。利基差异。我们将探讨与稳定机制有关的各种预测因素的单一和累积效应，例如物种之间的功能性状差异，作为资源使用中利基互补性的指标，自然敌人（食草动物，真菌病原体）的频率依赖性攻击以及物种特异性反应的响应环境变化以及从种子和幼苗人口统计学率得出的相对适应性差异的重要性。（3）我们将探讨竞争网络中不突出性的后果以及多种生态系统功能的物种丰度及其时间变异性的平均等级变化。（4 ）最后，我们将研究植物土壤反馈如何通过为新的三分球bef贡献植物群落的植物绩效和抗侵袭性，并通过一项针对长期和高性能的物种的研究仪研究，在长期的群落中。 - 术语主要实验和研究在delt-bef的不同处理中自发定植的物种的组成，综上解释该物种共存及其在本次项目中获得的新实验数据，将促进我们对当地物种组合中生物多样性的维持及其对生态系统功能的后果的了解。