Accurate time scales for climate archives from European tree-ring chronologies in the Late Glacial - Extension and consolidation of Swiss and German pine chronologies back to 14000 BP

冰期末期欧洲树木年轮年表中气候档案的准确时间尺度 - 瑞士和德国松树年表的延伸和整合可追溯到距今 14000 年

• 批准号: 264059065
• 负责人: Dr. Gerhard Helle
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/264059065?language=en
• 关键词: Accurate; time; scales; climate; archives

Annually resolved and absolutely dated tree-ring chronologies are important paleo-environmental proxy archives, because robust master chronologies are available for many different regions around the globe. The unique dating accuracy has a strong impact on many fields of application, such as paleoclimatology and paleoecology, but also archeology and radiocarbon dating. Here, we strive to consolidate and extend the worldwide longest continuous tree-ring width chronology from Hohenheim/Zurich, which currently reaches back to 12 500 before present (BP). An exceptional discovery of 256 individual pine trees within the town of Zurich in 2013 (herein referred to the Binz material), for which first radiocarbon dates now suggest a time window between 14 000 and 11 000 BP, implies strong hope to fill the existing gaps in the Late Glacial tree-ring chronology around 12 500 BP. If successful, the worldwide longest, absolutely dated and continuous tree-ring record would be extended by almost two millennia until around 14 000 BP, thus covering a particularly interesting climatological transition from the Last Ice Age into the Early Holocene - a period for which proxy evidence is generally scarce. Achieving this task, however, requires joint forces across an international Swiss-German collaboration, which will in addition to the dendrochronological ring width and density measurements also generate corresponding high-resolution radiocarbon (14C) dates as well as stable isotope (13C and 18O) records. The proposed multi-parameter approach will not only support and strengthen the chronology development process typically based on ring width measurements alone, but particularly also our palaeoenvironmental understanding of the Late Glacial period surrounding the Younger Dryas, a period during which rapid climatic shifts likely provide a natural analogue to the most recent anthropogenic change.The new multi-parameter tree-ring archive will allow extending the tree-ring-based terrestrial radiocarbon calibration curve for more than 2 000 years into late glacial times improving considerably radiocarbon dating accuracy for archaeologists and geosciences. In combination with several available marine radiocarbon records and complementary radioisotopic records from polar ice cores (10Be, 36Cl), an precise and highly resolved calibration curve will also provide information about changes of solar activity, as well as evidence for trends and extremes at the putative transition of generally colder to warmer climatic conditions, associated with rapid changes in the hydrological cycle. In addition, decadal to centennial 14C variations in tree-rings will be compared to the mirror image of 10Be in polar ice cores, thus anchoring the ice core time scale to the tree-ring scale. Consideration of the high-resolution stable isotopes (13C and 18O) from the same trees will further help us to capture the full range of late glacial temperature and precipitation variability.

每年解析并绝对注明日期的树木年表是重要的古环境代理档案，因为全球许多不同地区都有可靠的主年表。独特的测年准确性对许多应用领域产生了重大影响，例如古气候学和古生态学，还有考古学和放射性碳测年。在这里，我们努力巩固和扩展来自霍恩海姆/苏黎世的全球最长连续树木年轮宽度年表，目前可追溯到距今 (BP) 的 12 500 年。 2013 年，在苏黎世镇内发现了 256 棵松树（本文称为宾兹材料），首次放射性碳测年结果表明时间窗口在距今 14 000 至 11 000 年间，这意味着填补现有空白的强烈希望在距今 12500 年左右的晚冰期树木年表中。如果成功的话，世界上最长的、绝对过时的、连续的树木年轮记录将延长近两千年，直到距今 14000 年左右，从而涵盖从最后一个冰河时代到全新世早期的一个特别有趣的气候转变——这一时期的代理证据通常很少。然而，实现这一任务需要瑞士和德国的国际合作，除了树木年代学环宽度和密度测量之外，还需要生成相应的高分辨率放射性碳 (14C) 数据以及稳定同位素（13C 和 18O）记录。所提出的多参数方法不仅将支持和加强通常仅基于环宽度测量的年代学发展过程，而且特别是我们对新仙女木周围的晚冰期的古环境理解，在此期间，快速的气候变化可能提供了与最近的人为变化的自然相似。新的多参数树木年轮档案将允许将基于树木年轮的陆地放射性碳校准曲线延长 2000 多年至晚期冰川时代大大提高了考古学家和地球科学家的放射性碳测年准确性。结合一些可用的海洋放射性碳记录和极地冰芯的补充放射性同位素记录（10Be、36Cl），精确且高分辨率的校准曲线还将提供有关太阳活动变化的信息，以及假定的趋势和极端情况的证据。与水文循环的快速变化相关的普遍较冷的气候条件向较温暖的气候条件的转变。此外，树木年轮的十年到百年的 14C 变化将与极地冰芯中 10Be 的镜像进行比较，从而将冰芯时间尺度固定到树木年轮尺度。考虑来自同一棵树的高分辨率稳定同位素（13C 和 18O）将进一步帮助我们捕获晚冰河温度和降水变化的全部范围。

项目成果

New tree-ring evidence for the Late Glacial period from the northern pre-Alps in eastern Switzerland

• DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.02.019
• 发表时间: 2018-04
• 期刊: Quaternary Science Reviews
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: F. Reinig;D. Nievergelt;J. Esper;Michael Friedrich;G. Helle;L. Hellmann;B. Kromer;Sandro Morganti;M. Pauly;A. Sookdeo;Willy Tegel;K. Treydte;A. Verstege;L. Wacker;U. Büntgen

A guideline for sample preparation in modern tree-ring stable isotope research

• DOI: 10.1016/j.dendro.2017.05.002
• 发表时间: 2017-06-01
• 期刊: DENDROCHRONOLOGIA
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Schollaen, Karina;Baschek, Heiko;Helle, Gerhard
• 通讯作者: Helle, Gerhard

A high yield cellulose extraction system for small whole wood samples and dual measurement of carbon and oxygen stable isotopes

• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.09.007
• 发表时间: 2019-01-20
• 期刊: CHEMICAL GEOLOGY
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Andreu-Hayles, Laia;Levesque, Mathieu;Helle, Gerhard
• 通讯作者: Helle, Gerhard

DECADALLY RESOLVED LATEGLACIAL RADIOCARBON EVIDENCE FROM NEW ZEALAND KAURI

• DOI: 10.1017/rdc.2016.86
• 发表时间: 2016-12-01
• 期刊: RADIOCARBON
• 影响因子: 8.3
• 作者: Hogg, Alan;Southon, John;Wacker, Lukas
• 通讯作者: Wacker, Lukas