RAPID/Collaborative Research: Integrated Sociotechnical Investigations of the Compounding Impacts of Maui Wildfires fueled by Hurricane Dora

快速/协作研究：对飓风多拉引发的毛伊岛野火的复合影响进行综合社会技术调查

• 批准号: 2345641
• 负责人: Guohui Zhang
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-10-01 至 2024-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2345641&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Collaborative; Research; Integrated; Sociotechnical

This Grants for Rapid Response Research (RAPID) project collects ephemeral data to better understand the compounding impacts of Maui wildfires and Hurricane Dora and reveal the differences between residents and tourists in their behavioral responses as affected by infrastructure failures. It examines the sources of warning information, protective action decision-making, and evacuation logistics at the individual level. In the meantime, the project captures the operation states of disaster warning operations in Maui under the loss of cell and electric power services. Failures at each system are documented, as well as the cascading effect among inter-connected infrastructure systems. The research outcomes expand the existing body of scientific knowledge on warning and evacuation while advancing the understanding of informal networks and decision-making in the absence of official guidance. The hurricane-fueled fast-moving Maui wildfire offers a unique research opportunity to explore the intricacies of decision-making in the absence of official warnings. This event has three unique characteristics. First, Maui has a large percentage of tourists who may exhibit different patterns in warning reception, protective action decision-making, and evacuation logistics. Second, none of the 80 warning sirens placed around the island were activated in response to the wildfire threat. Its absence, coupled with the loss of cell phone and power services, severely limited access to timely official warnings. Third, the cascading failures of critical infrastructure systems highlighted the interdependencies among them and the devastating consequences. This project collects and analyzes multi-dimensional data on heterogeneous behavioral responses by residents and tourists with varying degrees of warning information, as well as the ways in which these responses were affected by critical infrastructure failures (i.e., damages/disruptions to transportation, power, and communication network interoperability). The rich datasets not only bolster future digital twin-empowered applications but also contribute to the enhancement of emergency management in cyber and physical domains. In addition, the project engages and trains multiple Native Hawaiian students in data collection and analysis.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该快速响应研究资助 (RAPID) 项目收集临时数据，以更好地了解毛伊岛野火和飓风多拉的复合影响，并揭示居民和游客在受基础设施故障影响时行为反应的差异。它检查个人层面的警告信息来源、防护行动决策和疏散后勤。同时，该项目捕获了毛伊岛在失去电池和电力服务的情况下灾害预警业务的运行状态。每个系统的故障以及互连基础设施系统之间的级联效应都被记录下来。研究成果扩展了现有的预警和疏散科学知识体系，同时增进了对非正式网络和在没有官方指导的情况下决策的理解。飓风引发的毛伊岛野火快速蔓延，为探索在没有官方警告的情况下决策的复杂性提供了独特的研究机会。本次活动具有三个独特的特点。首先，毛伊岛拥有大量游客，他们在警报接收、防护行动决策和疏散后勤方面可能表现出不同的模式。其次，岛上周围设置的 80 个警报器没有一个因野火威胁而被启动。它的缺席，加上手机和电力服务的中断，严重限制了及时获得官方警告的机会。第三，关键基础设施系统的连锁故障凸显了它们之间的相互依赖性和破坏性后果。该项目收集并分析居民和游客异质行为反应的多维数据，以及不同程度的预警信息，以及这些反应受到关键基础设施故障（即交通、电力、和通信网络互操作性）。丰富的数据集不仅支持未来的数字孪生应用，还有助于加强网络和物理领域的应急管理。此外，该项目还吸引并培训了多名夏威夷原住民学生进行数据收集和分析。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。