Collaborative Research: CISE: Large: Integrated Networking, Edge System and AI Support for Resilient and Safety-Critical Tele-Operations of Autonomous Vehicles

合作研究：CISE：大型：集成网络、边缘系统和人工智能支持自动驾驶汽车的弹性和安全关键远程操作

• 批准号: 2321532
• 负责人: Zhuoqing Mao
• 金额: $ 142.5万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-10-01 至 2027-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2321532&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; CISE; Large; Integrated

Autonomous vehicles (AVs), with an in-vehicle human safety driver, have been tested on public roads for years, and several companies are now offering “robotaxi” trial services in selected US cities. Safety is of the utmost importance in transportation, as mistakes can be expensive, dangerous, or fatal. News stories about robotaxis creating havoc on the streets highlight the challenges posed by complex real-world traffic environments. Clearly, AVs with fully autonomous driving still have a long way to go, in spite of rapid advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). AV tele-operations are suggested as an alternative approach, wherein a human operator remotely controls an AV, perhaps only partially as the need arises. This notion is inspired by the potential offered by emerging fifth-generation (5G) networks. However, as of now, 5G for AV tele-operations remains more aspirational, as many challenges remain. The goal of this project is to tackle the challenges in supporting (partial) AV tele-operations over 5G and next-generation (NextG) networks. This project helps facilitate safe and incremental adoption of (tele-operated) AVs to address societal challenges, while accelerating AV technology towards full autonomy. In particular, it provides a unique opportunity for testing AV tele-operations in Midwest winter and other scenarios. The project also serves as a forum for academia-government-industry collaboration and technology translation, and as a nexus point for broadening participation in research, education, and community outreach.This interdisciplinary and transformative research agenda develops integrated networking, systems and AI support for AV tele-operations. Key innovations include: 1) a semantics-oriented and fine-grained networking framework that exploits diversity to provide high bandwidth and low latency; 2) an agile, secure-by-design edge systems architecture that is optimized for AI workloads; 3) a novel application-driven, cross-layer and whole-system approach that enables cooperation across end devices, networks, edge systems and human operators; 4) an “AI-native” paradigm that systematically integrates AI/ML algorithms across layers and system components, with built-in mechanisms to mitigate the risks of inaccurate or false AI predictions; and finally, 5) a human-centered approach that combines faster-than-real-time AI simulations and integrated machine & human intelligence to seamlessly support human-in/on-the-loop. These innovations are incorporated into a prototype AV tele-operation platform called NextMOVE that provides resilient, safety-critical support for (partially) tele-operated AVs. The innovations broadly apply to other Industry 4.0 use cases, including smart manufacturing, precision agriculture and tele-health, which are vital to national prosperity, security, and well-being.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

配备车载人类安全驾驶员的自动驾驶汽车 (AV) 已经在公共道路上进行了多年测试，目前有几家公司正在选定的美国城市提供“机器人出租车”试用服务，因为安全在交通运输中至关重要。有关机器人出租车在街道上造成严重破坏的新闻报道凸显了复杂的现实交通环境带来的挑战，显然，尽管速度很快，但完全自动驾驶的自动驾驶汽车仍有很长的路要走。人工智能的进步（人工智能）和机器学习（ML）被建议作为一种替代方法，尽管人类操作员可以远程控制自动驾驶汽车，但这一概念的灵感来自于新兴的第五种技术所提供的潜力。然而，到目前为止，5G 用于 AV 远程操作仍然更加令人向往，因为仍然存在许多挑战。该项目的目标是解决支持 5G 及下一代 AV 远程操作的挑战。 -一代(NextG) 网络。该项目有助于促进（远程操作）AV 的安全和增量采用，以应对社会挑战，同时加速 AV 技术的完全自主化。特别是，它为在中西部冬季和冬季测试 AV 远程操作提供了独特的机会。该项目还充当学术界-政府-工业界合作和技术转化的论坛，并作为扩大研究、教育和社区外展参与的纽带。这一跨学科和变革性的研究议程不断发展。针对 AV 远程操作的集成网络、系统和人工智能支持 主要创新包括：1）利用多样性提供高带宽和低延迟的面向语义的细粒度网络框架；2）灵活、安全的设计。针对人工智能工作负载进行优化的边缘系统架构；3）一种新颖的应用驱动、跨层和全系统方法，可实现终端设备、网络、边缘系统和人类操作员之间的合作；4）“人工智能原生”范式；系统地整合了跨层和系统组件的 AI/ML 算法，具有内置机制，可降低 AI 预测不准确或错误的风险；最后，5）以人为本的方法，结合了比实时更快的 AI 模拟和集成机器；这些创新被纳入名为 NextMOVE 的原型 AV 远程操作平台中，为（部分）远程操作 AV 提供弹性、安全关键的支持。申请其他工业 4.0 用例，包括智能制造、精准农业和远程医疗，这些对国家繁荣、安全和福祉至关重要。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的评估进行评估，认为值得支持。智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。