EAGER: Knit One, Purl Two, Studies on the Properties of Knitted Fabrics for Advanced Engineering Applications

EAGER：针织一，金银丝二，高级工程应用针织物性能研究

• 批准号: 2344589
• 负责人: Sanjay Govindjee
• 金额: $ 17.5万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-11-01 至 2025-10-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2344589&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Knit; Purl; Two; Studies

This EArly-Concept Grants for Exploratory Research (EAGER) project concerns the study of an ancient and ubiquitous, yet understudied, class of materials: knitted fabrics. The aim is to explore these novel materials, and their unusual elastic properties, using recently developed concepts in theoretical physics together with basic experiments for the establishment of a firm foundation upon which this field of study can grow. Engineers and artisans have developed for millennia methods for weaving yarns into fabrics with desired properties, and nowadays many novel applications are appearing, such as soft actuators, animated toys, artificial muscles, improved roadways, and armament protection, to name a few. Despite the wide range of uses of knitted fabrics, basic and foundational questions remain about their true nature – how their structures give rise to their unusual elastic properties. Answering this question can allow us to design new fabrics that are stronger and more robust than existing materials. Further, it can allow us to design fabrics that transport energy in directed and predictable ways for use in actuators and energy dissipation systems. The study of knitted fabrics is also a perfect vehicle for broadly connecting the wider public with science and engineering as there are many artisans and hobbyists working with knitted materials. To that end the project includes outreach activities to school children and knitting hobby communities.The objective of this project is to establish a theoretical mechanics-based understanding of anomalous elastic phenomena in knitted fabrics using novel methods and ideas from condensed matter physics. Using these approaches, this work also seeks to open the field of topologically protected vibrational edge modes in these materials and to experimentally observe these modes in designs that would be identified theoretically. The approach will focus on the application of knot theory and condensed matter group theory applied to periodic and quasi-periodic structures (including defected systems) to explain the odd elastic properties seen in experiments and to explain the high elasticity seen in these systems despite being composed of high rigidity yarns. In this regard, the effort will also examine the role of chirality and group theory in explaining experimentally seen behaviors. Analogous to Anderson localization in condensed matter physics, the approach will also explore the possibility that disorder in fabrics leads to localization of vibrations, and whether designed disorder can lead to strength enhancements. The gained theoretical understanding and experimental demonstrations are intended to lay the foundation for new and promising applications.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这个早期概念探索性研究资助 (EAGER) 项目涉及对一种古老且普遍存在但尚未得到充分研究的材料类别的研究：针织面料，其目的是利用最近开发的概念来探索这些新颖的材料及其不寻常的弹性特性。理论物理学和基础实验为这一研究领域的发展奠定了坚实的基础，工程师和工匠几千年来开发了将纱线编织成具有所需性能的织物的方法，以及如今，许多新颖的应用不断出现，例如软执行器、动画玩具、人造肌肉、改进的道路和武器防护等，尽管针织物的用途广泛，但关于其真实本质的基本问题仍然存在。 – 它们的结构如何产生不同寻常的弹性特性，回答这个问题可以让我们设计出比现有材料更坚固、更坚固的新织物。此外，它可以让我们设计出以定向和可预测的方式传输能量的织物。用于执行器和能源针织面料的研究也是广泛连接广大公众与科学和工程的完美工具，因为有许多工匠和爱好者正在研究针织材料，为此，该项目包括针对学童和针织爱好社区的推广活动。该项目的目标是利用凝聚态物理学的新颖方法和思想，建立对针织物中异常弹性现象的基于理论力学的理解。利用这些方法，这项工作还寻求打开这一领域。该方法将重点关注结理论和凝聚态物质群理论在周期性和准周期性结构（包括缺陷系统）中的应用。解释实验中看到的奇怪的弹性特性，并解释这些系统中看到的高弹性，尽管它们是由高刚性纱线组成的。在这方面，这项工作还将研究手性和群论在解释实验中看到的行为中的作用。与凝聚态物理中的安德森局域化类似，该方法还将探索织物无序导致振动局域化的可能性，以及设计的无序是否可以导致强度增强。所获得的理论理解和实验演示旨在为未来奠定基础。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。