Assessing adaptive and maladaptive stress responses in wild Capuchin monkeys

评估野生卷尾猴的适应性和适应不良应激反应

• 批准号: 2341358
• 负责人: Jacinta Beehner
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-04-15 至 2027-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2341358&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Assessing; adaptive; maladaptive; stress; responses

Stress is a problem that affects millions of people and animals across the globe every day. Most studies on the impacts of stress use a biomedical perspective and focus on its negative, non-adaptive effects on health. In contrast, studies based in behavioral ecology assess how stress responses can adaptively rescue organisms from challenges. The dichotomy established by these two approaches limits our understanding of stress because stresses that originally trigger an adaptive response may in time take a cumulative toll resulting in wear-and-tear (reduced longevity) or chronic stress (inability to elicit an adaptive response). To advance knowledge about stress reactivity in general, and social reactivity in particular, this study analyzes two populations of a wild primate that have been naturally exposed to different environmental (natural periods of food restriction) and social (overcrowding) stresses. This comparison offers a powerful tool for detecting how variation in stress responses relate to individual health and fitness. The research develops outreach activities for grade-school children, builds capacity at the field laboratory, and contributes to conservation efforts. This research is the first to make unprecedented gains in understanding the adaptive and maladaptive nature of the stress response in wild primates. The study focuses on 120 wild capuchins living in two different forests to: (1) measure the variation in glucocorticoids before and after known social (e.g., aggression between neighboring groups) and ecological stressors (e.g., droughts); (2) quantify each individual’s unique stress response; (3) determine whether these responses are repeatable; (4) determine if the same individuals respond differently to different stressors and/or if the same stressor induces different responses from different individuals, and; (5) assess which if any stress responses have fitness consequences. The study uses a within-subject approach by measuring fine-scale variation in fecal stress hormones (glucocorticoids) before and after facing a known stressor. The data generated builds a baseline for stress-induced hormone levels against which the levels associated with stress-reaction can be compared.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

压力是一个每天影响全球数百万人和动物的问题，大多数关于压力影响的研究都从生物医学的角度进行研究，并重点关注其对健康的负面、非适应性影响。这两种方法建立的二分法限制了我们对压力的理解，因为最初引发适应性反应的压力可能会随着时间的推移而累积损失，导致磨损（寿命缩短）或慢性。压力（无法为了增进对一般压力反应性，特别是社会反应性的了解，这项研究将自然暴露于不同环境（食物限制的自然时期）和社会（过度拥挤）的野生灵长类动物群体置于其中。这项比较提供了一个强大的工具，用于检测压力反应的变化与个人健康和健身的关系。这项研究为小学生开展了外展活动，增强了现场实验室的能力，并为保护工作做出了贡献。首先在理解方面取得了前所未有的进展野生灵长类动物应激反应的适应性和适应不良性质 该研究重点关注生活在两个不同森林中的 120 只野生卷尾猴，目的是：(1) 测量已知社会（例如，邻近群体之间的攻击）和生态压力源前后糖皮质激素的变化。 （例如，干旱）；（2）量化每个人独特的压力反应；（3）确定这些反应是否可重复；（4）确定同一个人对不同压力源的反应是否不同。和/或相同的压力源是否会引起不同个体的不同反应，并且；(5) 通过测量粪便压力激素（糖皮质激素）的精细变化来评估压力反应是否会产生健康后果。所生成的数据为压力诱发的激素水平建立了基线，可以与压力反应相关的水平进行比较。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。