Postdoctoral Fellowship: EAR-PF: Soil Carbon Biogeochemistry Under a Changing Climate: Current and Future Alterations from Forest Fires

博士后奖学金：EAR-PF：气候变化下的土壤碳生物地球化学：森林火灾当前和未来的变化

• 批准号: 2305276
• 负责人: Sean Fettrow
• 金额: $ 18万
• 依托单位: Fettrow, Sean
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-06-01 至 2026-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2305276&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Postdoctoral; Fellowship; EAR; PF; Soil

Dr. Fettrow’s project entitled “Soil Carbon Biogeochemistry Under a Changing Climate: Current and Future Alterations from Forest Fires” investigates the impacts forest fires have on the forest carbon cycle. Forests protect against rapid climate change and global warming because trees remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere during photosynthesis. Some of this carbon is stored belowground in soil from root growth, carbon that “leaks” out of the roots and from leaf litter. Over time, carbon in forest soils has built up to be one of the largest active reservoirs of stored carbon, but climate change has put this carbon reservoir at risk. During a forest fire, which are becoming more frequent and intense due to climate change, some of the carbon in the soil is released back to the atmosphere as the forest burns. In addition, the biology and chemistry of soil changes after a forest fire, changing how forests function. The significance of this project is that it will allow for a better understanding of how the forest carbon cycle is changed by forest fires, particularly as forest fires become more common with climate change. These findings will advance Earth science and may lead to improved forest management and climate policy. In addition, part of Dr. Fettrow’s professional development plan is to help motivate and train the next generation of scientists by mentoring undergraduate and graduate students in the field and lab, particularly students from underrepresented communities and first-gen students. The main goals of the project are to (1) determine how forest fires affect belowground soil carbon and biogeochemistry (i.e., biological, and geochemical reactions affecting soil carbon cycling), (2) resolve uncertainty surrounding the magnitude of soil carbon loss during a forest fire (3) and investigate how forest fire affected soils and their carbon storage capacity is altered. These goals will be accomplished by conducting integrated laboratory and field experiments across multiple temporal and spatial scales, using basic soil, gas and water biogeochemical analyses paired with state-of-the-art facilities such as the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory. These experimental activities and research findings will benefit both science and society. First, the results will help improve Earth System Models (ESMs) that predict global carbon feedback loops and cycles, particularly under a changing climate. This information will also improve fundamental understanding of soil biogeochemistry with global change. Second, findings will be useful for land managers and policy makers developing natural climate solution programs and improving climate mitigation policy aimed at protecting and restoring our valuable forests.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

费特罗博士的项目题为“气候变化下的土壤碳生物地球化学：森林火灾当前和未来的变化”，研究了森林火灾对森林碳循环的影响。森林可以抵御快速的气候变化和全球变暖，因为树木可以吸收二氧化碳（CO2）。 ）在光合作用过程中，部分碳通过根部生长储存在地下土壤中，随着时间的推移，碳从根部和落叶中“泄漏”出来。可能是最大的活性碳库之一，但气候变化使这个碳库面临危险。由于气候变化，森林火灾变得更加频繁和严重，土壤中的一些碳被释放出来。此外，森林火灾后土壤的生物学和化学性质也会发生变化，从而改变森林的功能，该项目的意义在于，它将让人们更好地了解森林碳循环的方式。因森林火灾而改变，特别是随着气候变化，森林火灾变得更加普遍这些发现将推动地球科学的发展，并可能改善森林管理和气候政策。此外，费特罗博士的职业发展计划的一部分是通过指导该领域的本科生和研究生来帮助激励和培训下一代科学家。该项目的主要目标是（1）确定森林火灾如何影响地下土壤碳和生物地球化学（即影响土壤碳的生物和地球化学反应）。循环），（2）解决森林火灾期间土壤碳损失程度的不确定性（3）并研究森林火灾如何影响土壤及其碳储存能力，这些目标将通过在整个实验室和现场进行综合实验来实现。多个时间和空间尺度，利用基本的土壤、气体和水生物地球化学分析以及国家强磁场实验室等最先进的设施，这些实验活动和研究成果将使科学和社会受益。结果将有助于改进地球系统模型（ESM）预测全球碳反馈循环和循环，特别是在气候变化的情况下，这些信息也将提高对全球变化土壤生物地球化学的基本了解。其次，研究结果将有助于土地管理者和政策制定者制定自然气候解决方案。改善气候减缓政策，旨在保护和恢复我们宝贵的森林。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。