Closing Critical Knowledge Gaps in Rates of CO2 Mineralization in Soils, Rocks, and Aquifers as a Scalable Climate Change Mitigation Solution

作为可扩展的气候变化减缓解决方案，缩小土壤、岩石和含水层中二氧化碳矿化率的关键知识差距

• 批准号: 2242907
• 负责人: Chen Zhu
• 金额: $ 73.64万
• 依托单位: Indiana University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-01 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2242907&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Closing; Critical; Knowledge; Gaps; Rates

Currently, numerous start-up companies, large corporations, and government- or non-government-organization-sponsored research and pilot projects are diligently investigating the feasibility of turning carbon dioxide into carbonate minerals (carbon mineralization) as a climate mitigation strategy. Carbon dioxide can be mineralized by spreading mineral and rock powders onto croplands, forests, and oceans, injecting carbon dioxide into basalt and sedimentary aquifers, and mine tailings. Scaling-up these options globally can potentially capture and store billions of tons of carbon dioxide per year. However, as a 2021 US long-term strategy report [1] stated, techniques of “… enhanced mineralization, are still in nascent stages of research and development, so the potential magnitude of reductions and the timeframes over which these technologies might deliver reductions is unknown.” Currently, there are knowledge gaps in the basic science of carbon mineralization rates, the resolution of which is critical to discovering cost-effective carbon-dioxide-water-mineral interaction-based climate mitigation options. This research project meets this urgent societal need by both filling the knowledge gaps in geochemical reaction rates and mechanisms in multi-mineral systems and disseminating geochemical kinetics and modeling knowledge. To acheive these science objectives, this project will carry out multiple isotope tracer (Si, K, Sr, Ca, Mg, Fe, K C isotopes) experiments for crushed basalts to determine the coupling of mineral dissolution and precipitation reactions. Additionally, the researchers will perform innovative geochemical simulations to interpret the experimental results using an ensemble of models and evaluate model uncertainties. To meet the broader impact objective, researchers will leverage the national computational infrastructure and internet-based delivery technologies for training a diverse workforce for a carbon-neutral economy. A geochemical modeling web portal will be built to deliver modeling tools and databases as well as virtual short courses and online lessons for thermodynamics, geochemical modeling, and kinetics. This open science approach makes geochemical sciences accessible to all regardless of socioeconomic status and encourages unselfish cooperation from all sectors and all parts of the world for achieving the common goal of meeting the challenges of global climate change.[1] US Government, “The Long-Term Strategy of the United States: Pathways to Net-Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions by 2050” (2021); https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/US-Long-Term-Strategy.pdfThis award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

目前，众多初创公司、大型企业以及政府或非政府组织资助的研究和试点项目正在努力研究将二氧化碳转化为碳酸盐矿物（碳矿化）作为气候缓解策略的可行性。可以通过将矿物和岩石粉末散布到农田、森林和海洋上，将二氧化碳注入玄武岩和沉积含水层以及尾矿中来进行矿化，扩大这些方案可能会在全球范围内捕获和储存数十亿吨二氧化碳。然而，正如 2021 年美国长期战略报告 [1] 所指出的，“……强化矿化技术仍处于研究和开发的初级阶段，因此潜在的减排量以及这些技术可能实现的时间范围”。目前，碳矿化率的基础科学存在知识空白，这一问题的解决对于发现具有成本效益的基于二氧化碳-水-矿物质相互作用的气候缓解方案至关重要。这个紧迫的社会通过填补多矿物系统地球化学反应速率和机制方面的知识空白，并传播地球化学动力学和建模知识，为了实现这些科学目标，该项目将开展多种同位素示踪剂（Si、K、Sr、Ca、Mg）。此外，研究人员将进行创新的地球化学模拟，以使用模型集合来解释实验结果并评估模型。为了实现更广泛的影响目标，研究人员将利用国家计算基础设施和基于互联网的交付技术来培训碳中和经济的多元化劳动力，并将建立一个地球化学建模门户网站来提供建模工具和数据库。作为热力学、地球化学建模和动力学的虚拟短期课程和在线课程，这种开放的科学方法使所有人都能接触到地球化学科学，无论其社会经济地位如何，并鼓励世界各地各部门的无私合作，以实现会议的共同目标。全球的挑战[1] 美国政府，“美国的长期战略：到 2050 年实现温室气体净零排放的途径”（2021 年）； /2021/10/US-Long-Term-Strategy.pdf该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Mechanisms controlling albite dissolution/precipitation kinetics as a function of chemical affinity: New insights from experiments in 29Si spiked solutions at 150 and 180 °C

控制钠长石溶解/沉淀动力学作为化学亲和力函数的机制：来自 150 和 180°C 29Si 加标溶液实验的新见解

• DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2024.03.023
• 发表时间: 2024-03
• 期刊: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Schott, Jacques;Saldi, Giuseppe D.;Zhu, Chen;Gong, Lei;Chen, Kaiyun
• 通讯作者: Chen, Kaiyun

Geochemical modeling to aid experimental design for multiple isotope tracer studies of coupled dissolution and precipitation reaction kinetics

地球化学建模有助于耦合溶解和沉淀反应动力学的多同位素示踪剂研究的实验设计

• DOI: 10.1007/s11631-023-00654-2
• 发表时间: 2023-12-21
• 期刊: Acta Geochimica
• 影响因子: 1.6
• 作者: Mingkun Chen;Peng Lu;Yongchen Song;Chen Zhu
• 通讯作者: Chen Zhu