Collaborative Research: Ideas Lab: ETAUS Passive Localized Underwater Transiting Observing Systems (PLUTOS)

合作研究：创意实验室：ETAUS 被动局域水下过境观测系统 (PLUTOS)

• 批准号: 2322366
• 负责人: Emmanouil Tentzeris
• 金额: $ 29.38万
• 依托单位: Georgia Tech Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-10-01 至 2026-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2322366&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Ideas; Lab; ETAUS

With the changing climate, there is an accompanying change in the abundance and distribution of organisms from the smallest single celled organisms to the largest whales. Observing these changes is critical to modeling and understanding the relationship of physical and chemical properties of the ocean to ecological factors. The Passive Localized Underwater Transiting Observing Systems (PLUTOS) project will study links between underwater sound and biology in the ocean, providing scientists with underwater "noses" and "ears" to detect animals by their sounds and the cells they leave behind. When animals make sounds in the ocean, they are indicating their presence; similarly, those same creatures shed DNA as they move through the environment, and that environmental DNA (eDNA) persists with concentration in proportion to the number of organisms and the time since they have inhabited a particular location in the ocean. For this project, the PLUTOS design will be used to look at the food web relationship of seals, fish, and copepods in coastal environments.The PLUTOS project will include multiple low-cost drifting autonomous loggers, each system is ballasted to follow a set density in the water column such that when each targeted depth is intensively sensed and sampled as the drifter moves with the currents. The fundamental idea behind PLUTOS is that clustering of multi-modal data streams including directional soundscape (e.g., 3D localized sound sources in the environment), eDNA collection and real-time sensing, and environmental properties like dissolved oxygen and temperature, will illuminate the spatial and temporal variability linking ecosystems, eDNA persistence and transport, depth-dependent directional soundscape, and coastal food web ecology together. Design will include feasibility studies of eco-friendly materials and non-disruptive passive acoustic navigation techniques. The project will include: 1) Adapting a low-cost, open-source, drifter system that addresses limitation in cost and payload of existing systems; 2) Developing and assessing the performance of species-specific in-situ eDNA sensors that are compact and low-cost and low-power; 3) Developing new approaches for directional soundscape processing, using array processing and machine learning approaches to provide localization of individuals as well as density and distribution estimates for seal populations. The resulting system will be used to evaluate the hypothesis that correlations between species-specific soundscape information (seal calls) and eDNA information (eDNA detection of seals, fish, and copepods) provide information gain on abundance and density of food web participants versus time and space versus single-variate information.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

随着气候的变化，生物体的丰度和分布也随之发生变化，从最小的单细胞生物到最大的鲸鱼。观察这些变化对于建模和理解海洋物理和化学特性与生态因素的关系至关重要。被动局部水下过境观测系统（PLUTOS）项目将研究水下声音与海洋生物之间的联系，为科学家提供水下“鼻子”和“耳朵”，以便通过动物的声音和它们留下的细胞来探测动物。 当动物在海洋中发出声音时，它们表明它们的存在；同样，这些生物在环境中移动时会释放 DNA，而环境 DNA (eDNA) 的持续浓度与生物体的数量和它们在海洋中特定位置栖息的时间成正比。对于该项目，PLUTOS 设计将用于研究沿海环境中海豹、鱼类和桡足类动物的食物网关系。PLUTOS 项目将包括多个低成本漂流自主记录仪，每个系统都按照设定的密度进行压载在水柱中，当漂流者随水流移动时，每个目标深度都会被密集感测和采样。 PLUTOS 背后的基本思想是，多模态数据流的聚类，包括定向声景（例如环境中的 3D 局部声源）、eDNA 收集和实时传感，以及溶解氧和温度等环境属性，将照亮空间以及将生态系统、eDNA 持久性和运输、深度依赖的定向声景和沿海食物网生态联系在一起的时间变化。设计将包括环保材料和非破坏性被动声学导航技术的可行性研究。该项目将包括：1）采用低成本、开源、漂移系统，解决现有系统的成本和有效负载的限制； 2）开发和评估紧凑、低成本、低功耗的物种特异性原位eDNA传感器的性能； 3）开发定向声景处理的新方法，使用阵列处理和机器学习方法来提供个体的定位以及海豹种群的密度和分布估计。由此产生的系统将用于评估以下假设：物种特定的声景信息（海豹叫声）和 eDNA 信息（海豹、鱼类和桡足类的 eDNA 检测）之间的相关性提供了食物网参与者的丰度和密度与时间和密度的关系信息增益。空间与单变量信息。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并且通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。