Collaborative Research: URoL:ASC: Microbiome-mediated plant genetic resistance for enhanced agricultural sustainability

合作研究：URoL:ASC：微生物介导的植物遗传抗性以增强农业可持续性

• 批准号: 2319568
• 负责人: Posy Busby
• 金额: $ 168.54万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-01 至 2028-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2319568&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; URoL; ASC; Microbiome; Collaborative; Research; URoL; ASC; Microbiome

Agricultural plant production provides humans with some of our most basic needs including food, fiber and shelter. Yet conventional agricultural practices cause damage to ecosystems and undermine their capacity. Greater pathogen pressure and drought stress associated with climate change add to this challenge by reducing crop yields. Breeding plants to recruit beneficial microbes from the environment conferring disease resistance and stress tolerance has been proposed, but the research community has lacked a coordinated effort to develop and critically evaluate this approach. This URoL project will develop and study crop varieties that enhance agricultural sustainability by assembling microbial communities that enhance resistance to major current and emergent biotic and abiotic stresses. The research will be conducted in three widely grown crops: wheat, tomato, and poplar. New knowledge and genetic material will be widely shared to enable rapid adoption by breeding programs and producers around the world. In focal studies of wheat, collaboration with tribal and non-tribal wheat farmers in Oregon will foster the co-production of knowledge and build capacity in rural wheat farming communities. The education program will provide employment and training to undergraduate and graduate students, as well as postdoctoral scholars. Partnerships with Heritage University and Blue Mountain Community College will help to recruit students from traditionally underrepresented groups in STEM to our undergraduate summer program. An outreach program coordinated with the Oregon Museum of Science and Industry seeks to improve the public understanding of plant microbiomes in agriculture through hands-on activities in museums, libraries, and county fairs. An emerging rule of life is that plant genetic variation shapes the assembly of its microbiome. The microbiome in turn affects critical plant functions. This URoL project seeks to understand and apply these rules to agriculture by breeding plants to recruit microbial communities conferring disease resistance and drought tolerance. The first aim is to identify genetic targets underlying microbiome-mediated genetic resistance to major current and emergent biotic and abiotic stresses. By testing diverse species – an annual grass (wheat), annual dicot (tomato), and a perennial dicot (poplar trees) – the project will investigate the rules governing the relationships among pathogenic microbes, beneficial microbes, and host genotypes. The overarching hypothesis is that host genotypes select for disease-suppressive microbes across crops, though specific molecular, physiological, and ecological mechanisms may differ among systems. The second aim will test whether genetic targets impacting particular pathogens are associated with resistance to additional pathogens and to drought stress. Together, this work will lead to the development of wheat, tomato, and poplar cultivars expressing microbiome-mediated genetic resistance to important biotic and biotic stresses. Overall, the contributions of this URoL project will be wide-ranging, spanning plant breeding and genetics, genomics, plant pathology, microbiology, microbial community ecology, and transdisciplinary sciences.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

农业植物的生产为人类提供了我们一些最基本的需求，包括食物，纤维和庇护所。然而，常规的农业实践会损害生态系统并破坏其能力。与气候变化相关的更大的病原体压力和干旱压力通过降低作物产量增加了这一挑战。已经提出了从环境招募有益的微生物的繁殖植物，但已经提出了抗疾病的耐药性和压力耐受性，但是研究界缺乏协调的努力来开发和认真评估这种方法。该URL项目将通过组装微生物群落来增强农业可持续性，从而增强农作物的可持续性，从而增强对主要电流和新兴生物和非生物胁迫的抵抗力。这项研究将以三种广泛的农作物进行：小麦，番茄和杨树。新知识和遗传物质将被广泛共享，以通过繁殖计划和世界各地的生产商来快速采用。在小麦研究的重点研究中，与俄勒冈州的部落和非部落小麦养殖者的合作将促进在大麦养殖社区中的知识和建立能力的共同生产。教育计划将为本科生和研究生以及博士后学者提供就业和培训。与Heritage University和Blue Mountain社区学院的合作伙伴关系将有助于从传统上代表性不足的STEM到我们的本科夏季计划的学生招募学生。与俄勒冈州科学和工业博物馆协调的外展计划旨在通过博物馆，图书馆和县集市上的动手活动来提高公众对植物微生物的理解。新兴的生命规则是植物遗传变异塑造其微生物组的组装。微生物组反过来影响关键的植物功能。该URL项目旨在理解和应用这些规则，通过繁殖植物来招募微生物社区会议抗病性和耐旱性。第一个目的是确定微生物组介导的对主要电流和新兴生物和非生物胁迫的遗传耐药性的基因靶标。通过测试潜水员物种 - 一年一度的草（小麦），一年一度的双子（番茄）和多年生二氧化碳（杨树） - 该项目将调查有关病原微生物，有益的微生物和宿主基因型之间关系的规则。总体假设是，宿主基因型选择了跨农作物抑制疾病的微生物，尽管系统之间的特定分子，物理和生态机制可能会有所不同。第二个目标将测试影响特定病原体的遗传靶标与对其他病原体的抗性和干旱胁迫的抗性有关。这项工作一起将导致小麦，番茄和白杨品种的发展，表达微生物组介导的对重要生物和生物胁迫的遗传性。总体而言，该URL项目的贡献将是范围的，跨越植物育种和遗传学，基因组学，植物病理学，微生物学，微生物社区生态学和跨学科科学。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过该基金会的知识分子优点和广泛的影响来评估NSF的法定任务。