Collaborative Research: Autonomous eddy covariance air-sea CO2 flux system for moored buoys

合作研究：系泊浮标的自主涡协方差海海二氧化碳通量系统

• 批准号: 2319150
• 负责人: Scott Miller
• 金额: $ 40.71万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Albany
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2027-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2319150&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Autonomous; eddy; covariance

Accurate prediction of carbon dioxide exchange between the atmosphere and oceans is an important earth system model requirement, but the exchange estimates in state-of-the-art climate models remain uncertain. One model factor that requires improvement is the rate of gas transfer across the air-sea interface, and the micrometeorological eddy covariance (EC) flux technique can provide field measurements needed to improve and validate transfer rate models across a broad range of wind and wave conditions. While the EC technique is widely employed on land, several technical hurdles have hindered wider adoption of this approach for CO2 flux data collection at sea, particularly on unattended floating platforms. Recent work by this team has demonstrated that fast-response closed-path CO2 sensors, central to the EC technique, can be modified to substantially reduce CO2 error due to ship and buoy motion effects. Under this new program, the team will further improve these sensors and also adapt approaches used for larger shipboard CO2 flux systems to develop a small, robust, accurate, and low power system suitable for use on a growing number of autonomous ocean observing platforms. The goals of this project are to 1) design, build and field-demonstrate a next generation infrared gas analyzer engineered to effectively remove motion interference that has plagued previous air-sea gas exchange field experiments, and 2) build and deploy a compact end-to-end eddy covariance CO2 flux system suitable for autonomous measurements through all weather conditions and on small ocean observing platforms where power demands must be minimized. Offshore buoy field demonstrations will be conducted near a long-term CO2 measurement site in the Gulf of Maine where supporting ocean and meteorological observations will provide data needed for sensor and system assessment and validation. The work will be performed using a team approach that formally partners industry, academia, and ocean observing system engineers. The project's final buoy-based flux measurement system will be designed in collaboration with NSF OOI to facilitate integration onto existing and future ocean observing platforms, paving a way for expanded at-sea direct covariance CO2 flux measurements to support a broad range of carbon cycle and air-sea interaction studies and applications.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在大气和海洋之间对二氧化碳交换的准确预测是重要的地球系统模型的要求，但是最先进的气候模型中的交换估计值仍然不确定。 需要改进的一个模型因素是整个空气接口的气体转移速率，微电气涡流协方差（EC）通量技术可以提供在广泛的风能和波浪条件上改善和验证传输速率模型所需的现场测量结果。 尽管EC技术被广泛用于陆地，但几个技术障碍阻碍了这种方法在海上的二氧化碳数据收集，尤其是在无人参与的浮动平台上。该团队最近的工作表明，可以修改EC技术中心的快速响应封闭式二氧化碳传感器，以大大减少由于船舶和浮标运动效应而导致的二氧化碳误差。 在这个新计划下，团队将进一步改进这些传感器，并适应大型船舶CO2通量系统使用的方法，以开发出适用于越来越多的自主海洋观察平台的小型，健壮，准确和低功率系统。该项目的目标是1）设计，构建和现场示意下一代红外气体分析仪，设计为有效地消除困扰先前的空气海气交换实验实验的运动干扰，以及2）2）建立和部署紧凑的端到端涡流协方差CO2 CO2 CO2 FOLUX FOLUX FLUX系统，适用于在所有天气情况下，在整个海洋上进行自动测量，必须在整个海洋驱动的情况下进行驱动的驱动，并分别驱动驱动。将在缅因州海湾的长期二氧化碳测量地点附近进行离岸浮标场示威，在那里支持海洋和气象观察结果将提供传感器，系统评估和验证所需的数据。这项工作将使用团队方法进行，该方法正式合作，学术界和海洋观察系统工程师。 该项目的最终基于浮标的通量测量系统将与NSF OOI合作设计，以促进在现有和未来的海洋观察平台上集成到现有的和未来的海洋观察平台上，为扩展ATSEA直接直接的CO2 CO2 CO2 Flux测量方法铺平了一种方式，以支持广泛的碳互动研究和空气智能奖励，以反映NSF的批准。优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。