Accounting for Selection Effects in the Analysis of Wage Inequality in Germany

德国工资不平等分析中的选择效应

• 批准号: 256847090
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Martin Biewen, since 11/2019
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung der Bundesagentur für Arbeit (BA)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/256847090?language=en
• 关键词: Accounting; Selection; Effects; Analysis; Wage

The objective of this project is to analyze the rise of wage inequality in Germany over the last decades. For an assessment of the drivers for the observed changes in the wage distribution and the wage dif-ferences between labor market groups, it is important to take into account that the selection into paid work may change over time and may differ across groups. In light of employment fluctuations, long-term employment growth, rising female labor force participation, and a shift towards part-time work, composition changes are very important for the analysis of wage inequality. This project quantifies the differences in wage distributions between groups and over time that are free of differences in ob-served and unobserved worker characteristics. So far, this project has analyzed the composition and wage structure effects of observable characteristics, using the reweighting approach by DiNardo et al. (1996) and the RIF regression approach of Firpo et al. (2014). Selection on unobservables has been controlled for using the method of Albrecht et al. (2009) in the analysis of the gender wage gap. There exists only a small but recently very active methodological literature on how to control for selection on unobservables in the analysis of outcome distributions, see Huber and Melly (2015), Arellano and Bon-homme (2016), and D'Hautefoeuille et al. (2017). The project proposal for the second funding period consists of five parts: Part 2A extends work from the first project phase and explores in detail the methodological issues involved in estimating quantile regression for wage data with selection correction. This part aims to make a methodological contribution building on recent developments in the literature and serves as a methodological basis for the empirical analysis. Part 2B estimates quantile regressions with selection correction for a detailed analysis of the evolution of wages over time. We extend the previous work by also analyzing as to why the increase in wage inequality in Germany has come to an end in 2010. This part will focus on the suitability of different datasets and the suitability of different instruments to control for selection into paid work based upon unobservables. Part 2C analyzes the gender wage gap, while also correcting for selection on unobservables considering a wide range of methodological approaches. Part 2D addresses the question of how the considerable educational expansion has influenced the quality and the returns to educational degrees. We shall study the hypothesis that increasing enrollment in higher education has deteriorated the average quality of graduates and thus reduced the returns to higher education. Part 2E analyzes the relationship between changes in individual labor market transitions and the evolution of wages. In particular, we will focus on the effects of increasing incidence of temporary part time work and the notable increase in male part-time work.

该项目的目标是分析过去几十年德国工资不平等的加剧情况。为了评估观察到的工资分布变化和劳动力市场群体之间工资差异的驱动因素，重要的是要考虑到有偿工作的选择可能会随着时间的推移而变化，并且不同群体之间可能会有所不同。鉴于就业波动、长期就业增长、女性劳动力参与率上升以及向兼职工作的转变，构成变化对于分析工资不平等非常重要。该项目量化了不​​同群体之间和一段时间内工资分配的差异，不考虑观察到的和未观察到的工人特征的差异。到目前为止，该项目已经使用 DiNardo 等人的重新加权方法分析了可观察特征的构成和工资结构效应。 (1996) 和 Firpo 等人的 RIF 回归方法。 （2014）。使用 Albrecht 等人的方法控制了对不可观测量的选择。 （2009）在分析性别工资差距时。关于如何在结果分布分析中控制不可观测值的选择，目前只有少量但最近非常活跃的方法论文献，参见 Huber 和 Melly (2015)、Arellano 和 Bon-homme (2016) 以及 D'Hautefoeuille 等人。 （2017）。第二资助期的项目提案由五个部分组成：第 2A 部分扩展了第一项目阶段的工作，并详细探讨了通过选择修正估计工资数据分位数回归所涉及的方法问题。本部分旨在基于文献的最新发展做出方法论贡献，并作为实证分析的方法论基础。第 2B 部分估计带有选择校正的分位数回归，以详细分析工资随时间的变化。我们通过分析为什么德国工资不平等的加剧在 2010 年结束来扩展之前的工作。这部分将重点关注不同数据集的适用性以及不同工具的适用性来控制基于有偿工作的选择。基于不可观测的情况。第 2C 部分分析了性别工资差距，同时考虑了多种方法论，对不可观察因素的选择进行了修正。第 2D 部分解决了教育规模的大幅扩张如何影响教育学位的质量和回报的问题。我们将研究这样一个假设：高等教育入学人数的增加降低了毕业生的平均质量，从而降低了高等教育的回报。第 2E 部分分析了个体劳动力市场转型的变化与工资演变之间的关系。特别是，我们将重点关注临时兼职工作发生率增加和男性兼职工作显着增加的影响。