Advancing the Understanding of Wildfire Impacts on Stratospheric Chemistry

增进对野火对平流层化学影响的理解

• 批准号: 2316980
• 负责人: Susan Solomon
• 金额: $ 59.99万
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-06-01 至 2026-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2316980&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Advancing; Understanding; Wildfire; Impacts; Stratospheric

This project is focused on studying the stratospheric chemistry of organic aerosols from wildfires. While it has been known for several years that intense wildfires are able to generate pyrocumulonimbus clouds that can inject wildfire smoke into the stratosphere, only recently have the effects of wildfire smoke on stratospheric chemistry been of interest. This project will study the long-term decay of wildfire aerosols and their chemical impacts in the stratosphere. A better understanding of wildfires linkages to stratospheric chemistry is important for understanding chemistry-climate coupling and the broader impacts of climate change.This effort involves several linked components. These include the study of: (i) the chemical impacts of increased hydrogen bromide (HBr) solubility in organic wildfire aerosols; (ii) ozone production in stratospheric air by wildfire emissions; (iii) long-term decay of wildfire aerosols associated with the 2020 Australian wildfire event; (iv) the evolution and chemistry of specific wildfire events in both hemispheres; and (v) the use of observations and modeling to assess the impacts of concurrent wildfire and volcanic loadings on light extinction and chemistry in the stratosphere.This effort will provide mentoring and support for a full-time graduate student who will carry out the modeling simulations. An undergraduate student will also be supported to collect and analyze the satellite and lidar data.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目的重点是研究野火产生的有机气溶胶的平流层化学。虽然几年前人们就知道强烈的野火能够产生火积雨云，从而将野火烟雾注入平流层，但直到最近人们才开始关注野火烟雾对平流层化学的影响。该项目将研究野火气溶胶的长期衰减及其对平流层的化学影响。更好地了解野火与平流层化学的联系对于理解化学与气候的耦合以及气候变化的更广泛影响非常重要。这项工作涉及几个相互关联的组成部分。其中包括以下方面的研究：(i) 有机野火气溶胶中溴化氢 (HBr) 溶解度增加的化学影响； (二) 野火排放在平流层空气中产生臭氧； (iii) 与 2020 年澳大利亚山火事件相关的山火气溶胶的长期衰减； (iv) 两个半球特定野火事件的演变和化学性质； (v) 利用观测和建模来评估同时发生的野火和火山负荷对平流层中的光消光和化学的影响。这项工作将为一名全日制研究生提供指导和支持，他将进行建模模拟。还将支持本科生收集和分析卫星和激光雷达数据。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。