Collaborative Research: RII Track-2 FEC: Promoting N2O- and CO2-Relieved Nitrogen Fertilizers for Climate Change-Threatened Midwest Farming and Ranching

合作研究：RII Track-2 FEC：为受气候变化威胁的中西部农业和牧场推广不含 N2O 和 CO2 的氮肥

• 批准号: 2316482
• 负责人: Shuang Gu
• 金额: $ 200万
• 依托单位: Wichita State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2027-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2316482&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; RII; Track; FEC

With approximately 300 times the global warming potential of carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) contributes to 7% of U.S. greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in 2020. 74% of N2O emission comes from agricultural fertilizer applications. The atmospheric concentration of N2O has been increasing at a rate of 2% per decade, driven largely by intensified fertilization in meeting the ever-growing demand for food, fiber, and energy. Despite the strong link to fertilization, N2O emission remains to be a complex problem arising from scientific, technological, economical, ecological, and societal factors. Understanding and therefore curbing N2O emissions urgently calls for effective collaborations through interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research. This NSF EPSCoR Track II FEC project brings together a multidisciplinary team of scientists from Iowa State University (ISU) and Wichita State University (WSU) to explore and examine green urea that could enable the paradigm shift of fertilization towards N2O- and CO2-relieved farming and ranching. This research project has the potential to set the foundation of fostering collaborations and associations in both GHG N2O reduction and green fertilizer promotion across academia, government, industries, agriculture, and communities, therefore strengthening the sustained R&D capacity and competitiveness. While producing green fertilizers, the capture of waste nitrogen and CO2 will also help protect ecological and environmental systems in Midwest areas from being stressed by existing non-sustainable practices, ensuring longer-term economic thriving and prosperity. The distributed feature of green fertilizer technology holds a great potential to create higher-wage jobs for local farming/ranching regions, especially for low-income minorities in rural areas, thus expanding capabilities and opportunities for agricultural communities that are disproportionately affected by climate change.The overarching objective of this collaborative project is to promote N2O- and CO2-relieved nitrogen fertilizers (green urea as the focus) with economic resilience and environmental consciousness as an innovative way to mitigate the challenges posed upon climate change-threatened Midwest farming and ranching communities. Two EPSCoR jurisdictions, ISU in Iowa and WSU in Kansas, will work side-by-side to channel concerted efforts into the following research themes: i) the advanced separation for waste nitrogen capture and product purification; ii) the innovative electrolysis for synthesizing green urea; iii) the synergistic investigation of nitrogen sensing, modeling, and fertilizer utilization; and iv) the societal examination for community acceptance and policy changes towards green fertilizers. The success of this EPSCoR project will enable an electro-manufacturing system powered by renewable energy (wind and sunlight) to produce green nitrogen fertilizers that are fundamentally different from current thermo-manufacturing processes that consume non-renewable fossil energy (coal, petroleum, and natural gas), which alleviates agriculture’s impact on climate change, while ensuring the sustainability of Midwest farming and ranching. The research outcome will lead to deep understanding of GHG N2O emission, nitrate upcycling, urea synthesis, CO2 capture and conversion, and nitrogen fertilizer utilization in agriculture. It will also open a new avenue for new generations of technologies for N2O and nitrate sensing, anion-selective membrane, and efficient chemical manufacturing. Simultaneously, the project execution enhances research competitiveness and develops research capacity and infrastructure in Kansas and Iowa (both physical and human resources) and grows the participants’ reputation and competence in their fields. Based on great synergy between Kansas and Iowa in shared common problems and united interest in agricultural prosperity, two EPSCoR universities will offer a unique educational platform that aims at raising general public awareness in the Midwest on nitrogen-cycle management, as well as training the next-generation of workforce for sustainable agriculture. In particular, the EPSCoR team is partnering with the minority-serving institution, Dodge City Community College (DC3), in mentoring minority students and in training minority-teaching instructors in the closely aligned areas including “agricultural science” and “farm and ranch management”.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

二氧化碳（CO2）的全球变暖潜力约为300倍，一氧化二氮（N2O）在2020年占美国温室气体（GHG）排放的7％。N2O的74％排放来自农业肥料。 N2O的大气浓度以每十年2％的速度增加，这在很大程度上是由于满足对食物，纤维和能量不断增长的需求的增强的施加。尽管与施肥有很强的联系，但N2O排放仍然是一个复杂的问题，这是由科学，技术，经济，生态和社会因素引起的。理解，因此遏制N2O排放迫切需要通过跨学科和跨学科研究进行有效的合作。这个NSF EPSCOR TRACK II FEC项目汇集了来自爱荷华州立大学（ISU）和威奇托州立大学（WSU）的科学家组成的多学科团队，以探索和检查绿色尿素，这可以使施肥向N2O和二氧化碳和二氧化碳和二氧化碳的养殖和养殖范围转移。该研究项目有可能为跨学术，政府，工业，农业和社区促进温室气N2O减少和绿色肥料的促进合作和协会的基础，从而增强了持续的研发能力和竞争力。在生产绿色肥料的同时，捕获废物氮和二氧化碳也将有助于保护中西部地区的生态和环境系统免于受到现有不可持续的实践的压力，从而确保长期的经济繁荣和繁荣。绿色肥料技术的分布式特征具有为当地农业/牧场地区创造更高工资工作的巨大潜力，尤其是对于粗糙地区的低收入少数群体而言，扩大了农业社区的能力和机会，这些社区受到气候变化的不成比例影响的农业社区。这一协作的目标是促进N2O和Co2-refere forteria fornerial fore n2O-niterial tree nIn-nIn-niterial niterial niterial coptrial coptria fortial fore tree nIn-niterial（环境意识是减轻气候变化威胁的中西部农业和牧场社区的创新方式。爱荷华州ISU和堪萨斯州的WSU的两个EPSCOR司法管辖区将并排工作，将协同的努力引入以下研究主题：i）废物氮捕获和产品纯化的先进分离； ii）用于合成绿色尿素的创新电解； iii）氮感测，建模和肥料利用的协同投资； iv）社会接受和对绿色肥料的政策变化的社会检查。该EPSCOR项目的成功将使由可再生能源（风能和阳光）提供动力的电力制造系统能够产生与当前消耗非可再生化石能源（煤炭，石油和天然气）的绿色氮肥与当前的热制造过程根本不同的影响，从而使农业越来越多地影响着农业的变化，并且在MIDRIVENT中会改变MIRDING的跨性别。研究结果将导致对温室气体N2O发射，硝酸盐的升级，尿素合成，二氧化碳捕获和转化率以及氮肥在一定程度中的利用。它还将为N2O和硝酸盐敏感性，阴离子选择性膜和有效的化学制造的新一代技术开放新的途径。同时，该项目的执行提高了堪萨斯州和爱荷华州（体育和人力资源）的研究竞争力和发展能力和基础设施，并增强了参与者在其领域的声誉和能力。基于堪萨斯州和爱荷华州之间在共同的问题和对农业繁荣的统一兴趣中的伟大协同作用的基础上，两所Epscor大学将提供一个独特的教育平台，旨在提高中西部对氮气周期管理的一般公众意识，并培训可持续农业劳动力的下一代。特别是，EPSCOR团队正在与少数民族社区学院（DC3），心态少数群体学生以及在紧密统一的领域进行少数群体教师的培训，包括“农业科学”和“农场和牧场管理”（“农场和牧场管理”）在培训少数群体的教师方面，这表明NSF的法定任务和审查的成绩是通过评估的范围，这表明了良好的范围。