Collaborative Research: RUI: Life history strategies within a population depend on cellular and organismal traits that underlie differences in resource acquisition and allocation

合作研究：RUI：群体内的生活史策略取决于细胞和有机体特征，这些特征是资源获取和分配差异的基础

• 批准号: 2314381
• 负责人: Patricia Jones
• 金额: $ 40.67万
• 依托单位: Bowdoin College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-12-01 至 2026-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2314381&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; RUI; Life; history

All organisms need energy to fuel the biological processes of life. In general, this energy can be allocated to three broad categories: growth, self-maintenance, and reproduction. Said in another way, organisms can allocate acquired energy to grow their body to achieve a larger size, to repair and maintain their body to live longer, or to reproduce and create the new bodies of their offspring. However energy is limiting, so if more is invested into growth, less can be invested into self-maintenance and reproduction. This results in allocation trade-offs, where some individuals are better at growing, while others may be able to attain extreme longevity. While these patterns generally hold in animals, in many species scientist’s observe certain individuals who appear to be able to do it all with few consequences, but little is known about how this occurs. This proposal studies a long-lived seabird, Leach's storm-petrels, that has been studied continuously at our site for the past 70 years. This has revealed that while we have many individuals who show the expected allocation trade-offs there are also many that somehow have escaped that trade-off. Our work explores the molecular and cellular processes that underlie the ability to avoid this trade-off. This work is focused on a fundamental question in biology, and will help us to understand how molecular processes and organismal performance affect longevity. This work also strongly supports undergraduate science education, and will result in the development of inquiry-based scientific modules used in middle school and high school classrooms.Factors driving the evolution of diverse life history strategies both within and between species remain a fundamental question in ecology and evolutionary biology. Because resources are finite, many life history traits are subject to intrinsic trade-offs. However, theoretical models have proposed that variation in individual acquisition of resources can produce apparent positive correlations between investment in reproduction and investment in survival instead of the expected trade-off. This proposal tests these models by examining phenotypic variation in strategies to balance the trade-off between current reproduction and survival in a long-lived seabird, Leach's storm-petrels (Hydrobates leucorhous), that has been studied continuously at our site since 1953. This proposal has three primary objectives: 1) to better understand the molecular, cellular, and organismal performance traits that underlie the observed variation in trade-off strategies in this population, and 2) to determine if individuals who appear to escape the trade-off do so via higher foraging efficiency as proposed in theoretical models, and 3) to determine whether these trade-off strategies are fixed or plastic in response to environmental variability. The proposed research is informed by our 70-year demographic data set, and utilizes (i) a combination of novel technology and molecular tools to understand the molecular, cellular, and organismal performance traits that underlie the observed variation in trade-off strategies, and (ii) experimental manipulations to explore whether these strategies are fixed or plastic.This project is jointly funded by the Integrative Ecological Physiology Program and the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

所有生物体都需要能量来推动生命的生物过程。一般来说，这些能量可以分配给三大类：生长、自我维持和繁殖。换句话说，生物体可以分配获得的能量来实现身体的生长。更大的体型，修复和维持身体以延长寿命，或繁殖和创造后代的新身体。然而，能量是有限的，因此如果在生长上投入更多，那么在自我维护和繁殖上的投入就会减少。这会导致分配权衡，其中有些个体生长得更好，而另一些个体则可能能够获得极长的寿命。虽然这些模式在动物中普遍存在，但在许多物种中，科学家观察到某些个体似乎能够做到这一切，而几乎没有什么后果，但我们知之甚少。该提案研究了一种长寿的海鸟，即利奇风暴海燕，在过去的 70 年里，我们一直在对这种海鸟进行研究。这表明，虽然我们有许多个体表现出预期的分配权衡。也有很多人以某种方式拥有我们的工作探索了避免这种权衡的能力背后的分子和细胞过程。这项工作重点关注生物学中的一个基本问题，并将帮助我们了解分子过程和生物性能如何影响寿命。这项工作还大力支持本科生科学教育，并将导致开发用于初中和高中课堂的基于探究的科学模块。驱动物种内和物种间不同生命史策略进化的因素仍然是生态学中的一个基本问题和进化生物学，因为资源是有限的，许多生活史特征都受到内在权衡的影响，但理论模型提出，个体获取资源的变化可以在繁殖投资和生存投资之间产生明显的正相关性，而不是预期的权衡。通过检查策略的表型变异来平衡长寿海鸟利奇风暴海燕 (Hydrobates leucorhous) 的当前繁殖和生存之间的权衡，我们的模型自此以来一直在我们的站点进行持续研究1953。该提案有三个主要目标：1）更好地了解在该人群中观察到的权衡策略变化背后的分子、细胞和生物性能特征，2）确定似乎逃避交易的个体-通过理论模型中提出的更高的觅食效率来实现这一点，3）确定这些权衡策略是固定的还是可塑的以应对环境变化。拟议的研究是根据我们 70 年的人口数据集提供的。利用 (i) a结合新技术和分子工具来了解所观察到的权衡策略变化背后的分子、细胞和生物性能特征，以及（ii）通过实验操作来探索这些策略是固定的还是可塑的。该项目是共同资助的由综合生态生理学计划和刺激竞争性研究既定计划 (EPSCoR) 颁发。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。