Collaborative Research: Laboratory and Modeling Studies to Resolve a Grand Challenge for Upper Atmospheric Science

合作研究：实验室和模型研究解决高层大气科学的巨大挑战

• 批准号: 2312191
• 负责人: Konstantinos Kalogerakis
• 金额: $ 55.93万
• 依托单位: SRI International
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2312191&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Laboratory; Modeling; Studies

This collaborative project will exploit the synergy of space-based observations, atmospheric modeling, and laser-based laboratory experiments to resolve the origins of the CO2 15-um emission. It aims to provide a better quantification of upper atmospheric radiative cooling by IR emissions through multi-disciplinary research and educational activities that promote a broader appreciation of the complexity of thermal energy balance in planetary atmospheres. The project will enable improved determination of atmospheric temperature profile retrievals from satellite observations of the CO2 15-um emission and advance our understanding of radiative balance in the atmospheres of Earth, Mars, and Venus. The work has the potential to add new knowledge to the radiative energetics of the MLT and address the long-standing question of CO2 15-um excitation and deexcitation processes. It will also advance new knowledge relevant to other research areas such as molecular energy transfer, chemical lasers, extrasolar planetary atmospheres, the extreme environments in the shock waves generated during space vehicle reentry, as well as chemical reaction dynamics and kinetics. The results of this research benefit modelers of planetary atmospheres within and beyond our solar system, theoreticians, and experimentalists, and enhance the scientific returns of ground- and space-based remote sensing observations. This project will also contribute to the education and formative research experiences of a Ph.D. graduate student and one or more postdoctoral fellows and summer undergraduate students.The most important process controlling the population of CO2(nu-2) is assumed to be its excitation and relaxation in collisions of CO2 with thermalized atomic oxygen in its ground state, O(3P). This process is poorly understood despite numerous studies over the past several decades. There are telltale signs of a major fundamental deficiency in our understanding of the underlying processes. This collaborative research effort combines (1) analysis of ground- and space-based observations to quantify previously unrecognized sources of the CO2 15-µm emission, (2) laser-based laboratory experimental studies of the O + CO2 interaction, and (3) state-of-the-art, non-LTE atmospheric modeling calculations to reevaluate the global thermal balance of the MLT in the 15-µm CO2 band. The team will conduct laboratory studies of O + CO2 collisions to 1) measure the rate constant for relaxation of the CO2(010) vibrational level by O atoms, 2) determine its temperature dependence from 150 K to 600 K, 3) investigate the collision energy dependence of CO2 vibrational excitation in collisions with O atoms, and 4) characterize the concentration of O atoms in the interaction region and their diffusion out of the observation volume. They will also perform observation analysis of SABER and LIDAR data, theory, and Non-LTE modeling studies of O + CO2 Collisions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这个协作项目将利用基于空间的观测，大气建模和基于激光的实验室实验的协同作用，以解决CO2 15-UM排放的起源。它的目的是通过多学科研究和教育活动来提供更好的大气辐射冷却，从而促进行星气氛中热能平衡的复杂性。该项目将从二氧化碳15-UM发射的卫星观察结果中改善大气温度曲线检索，并提高我们对地球，火星和金星大气中辐射平衡的理解。这项工作有可能为MLT的辐射能量增加新知识，并解决CO2 15-UM兴奋和去激发过程的长期问题。它还将推进与其他研究领域相关的新知识，例如分子能量转移，化学激光器，极性行星外气氛，太空载体重新进入期间产生的冲击波的极端环境以及化学反应动力学和动力学。这项研究的结果使我们的太阳系，理论家和实验者之内和之外的行星氛围建模者有益于建模者，并增强了基于基于空间和空间的遥感观察的科学回报。该项目还将为博士学位的教育和形成性研究经验做出贡献。研究生，一个或多个博士后研究员和夏季本科生。控制CO2（NU-2）人群的最重要的过程被认为是其在二氧化碳与基地状态的热原子氧碰撞中的兴奋和放松，O（3p）。在过去的几十年中，这一过程对许多研究知之甚少。在我们对基础过程的理解中，有明显的迹象表明了主要的基本缺陷。 This collaborative research effort combines (1) analysis of ground- and space-based observations to quantify previously unrecognized sources of the CO2 15-µm emission, (2) laser-based laboratory experimental studies of the O + CO2 interaction, and (3) state-of-the-art, non-LTE atmospheric modeling calculations to reevaluate the global thermal balance of the MLT in the 15-µm CO2 band.该团队将对O + CO2碰撞进行实验室研究至1）测量O原子的二氧化碳病毒水平（010）病毒水平的速率常数，2）确定其温度依赖性从150 K到600 K，3）研究CO2的碰撞能量依赖性在与O原子碰撞中的cO2振动兴奋性的振动兴奋性相关性，以及OTOM的浓度均在互动区域中的浓度，它们在互动中的浓度差异。他们还将对O + CO2碰撞的SABER和LIDAR数据，理论以及非LTE建模研究进行观察分析。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响来评估NSF的法定任务。