Laser-Assisted Electron and Positronium Collisions

激光辅助电子和正电子碰撞

• 批准号: 2309261
• 负责人: Ilya Fabrikant
• 金额: $ 27.76万
• 依托单位: University of Nebraska-Lincoln
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2309261&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Laser; Assisted; Electron; Positronium; Collisions

Low-energy electrons and their antiparticles, positrons, play a critical role in many environments and many fundamental processes. Collisions involving these particles are important in many applied fields including technological plasmas, astrophysics, atmospheric physics, and radiation damage. Collisions involving positronium, the simplest matter-antimatter atom consisting of electron and positron, are under intense studies in several experimental groups around the world. Answers to the big question why matter dominates over antimatter in our universe require studies involving the simplest antimatter atom, antihydrogen. Creation of antihydrogen atoms can be accomplished by colliding antiprotons with positronium atoms. These processes are currently investigated at the Large Hadron Collider, which provides the powerful source of antiprotons. The present project will include theoretical studies of collisions involving electrons, positrons and positronium atoms and their control by laser fields. It will have impact in studies of fundamental properties of antimatter. The proposal involves interdisciplinary efforts and international collaborations. Supervision of graduate students will promote their training in diverse areas of physics.A variety of classical, semiclassical and quantum methods will be employed to study theoretically electron and positronium (Ps) collisions with atoms, molecules, protons and antiprotons. These studies will be supplemented by investigation of laser-assisted electron and Ps collisions, particularly laser-assisted radiative recombination, dissociative recombination, Ps formation, and charge transfer in Ps collisions with protons and antiprotons. In the area of electron and Ps collisions with protons the project will focus on development of classical and semiclassical methods which were justified in previous calculations. Ps-molecule collisions will be treated quantum-mechanically with the use of free-electron-gas model with orthogonality constraints for description of exchange and correlations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

低能电子及其反粒子，正电子在许多环境和许多基本过程中起着至关重要的作用。涉及这些颗粒的碰撞在许多应用领域都很重要，包括技术等离子体，天体物理学，大气物理和辐射损伤。涉及正电子的碰撞，即由电子和正电子组成的最简单的物质 - 抗逆物原子，在世界各地的几个实验组中都受到了深入的研究。回答为什么物质在我们宇宙中占主导地位的问题需要涉及最简单的反物质原子，抗氢化的研究。可以通过用正电子原子碰撞抗蛋白酶来实现抗氢原子的产生。这些过程目前正在大型强子对撞机上进行调查，该撞机提供了强大的抗脂子来源。本项目将包括有关涉及电子，正电子和正电子原子的碰撞及其对激光场的控制的理论研究。它将在反物质的基本特性研究中产生影响。该提案涉及跨学科的努力和国际合作。研究生的监督将促进他们在物理学领域的培训。将采用各种经典，半经典和量子方法研究理论上电子和正电子（PS）与原子，分子，质子，质子和反植物的碰撞。这些研究将通过研究激光辅助电子和PS碰撞，尤其是激光辅助的辐射重组，解离性重组，PS形成以及PS与质子和抗抗原子的PS碰撞中的电荷转移来补充。在电子和PS碰撞质子的区域中，该项目将集中于先前计算中合理的经典和半经典方法的发展。 PS-MOLECULE碰撞将通过使用带有正交性约束的自由电子气体模型来对交换和相关性的描述进行量子机械处理。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点通过评估来支持的和更广泛的影响审查标准。