WoU-MMA: Multi-messenger Signatures of Ion Acceleration in Active Galactic Nuclei

WoU-MMA：活动星系核中离子加速的多信使特征

• 批准号: 2308021
• 负责人: Damiano Caprioli
• 金额: $ 67.83万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-15 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2308021&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: WoU; MMA; Multi; messenger; Signatures

The supermassive black holes at the center of galaxies are extreme astrophysical machines that control the evolution of their environments. They are sources of high-velocity winds and relativistic jets, and they are associated with the highest-energy particles in the Universe. They emit electromagnetic radiation from radio to gamma-ray, and they have been associated recently with the production of very-high-energy astrophysical neutrinos. The origin of these particles is a multidisciplinary field, with relevance to astrophysics, space physics, and laboratory plasmas. Connecting multi-messenger astrophysics with space and plasma communities amplifies the message that plasma physics is crucial for understanding the Universe. The project will train graduate students in astroplasmaphysics and provide new concepts and discoveries to the broader public. Multi-messenger observatories have provided the first clues of high-energy ion acceleration in active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The goal of this project is to unravel the physical processes that are responsible for the acceleration of ions in AGN outflows. The PIs will use a semi-analytical formalism, validated by kinetic plasma simulations, to model acceleration at AGN wind shocks and relativistic magneto-hydrodynamic simulations with tracked test-particles to calculate the spectrum of UHECRs and neutrinos expected from AGN jets. They will address the following questions: (1) How are ions accelerated in AGN winds, and what is their multi-messenger signature? (2) What are the diffuse and source ultra-high-energy cosmic ray and neutrino spectra produced by AGN jets? (3) Is there an interplay between winds and jets in producing energetic cosmic rays and neutrinos? This award advances the goals of the Windows on the Universe Big Idea.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

星系中心的超级质量黑洞是控制环境演变的极端天体物理机器。 它们是高速风和相对论喷气机的来源，并且与宇宙中最高的能量颗粒有关。 它们发出了从无线电到伽马射线的电磁辐射，并且最近与产生非常高的天体物理中微子的产生有关。 这些粒子的起源是一个多学科领域，与天体物理学，空间物理学和实验室等离子体有关。 将多通间的天体物理学与空间和等离子体群落联系起来，扩大了等离子体物理学对于理解宇宙至关重要的信息。该项目将培训研究生的天体形容学，并向更广泛的公众提供新的概念和发现。多理智的天文台为活性银河核（AGNS）提供了高能离子加速度的第一线索。该项目的目的是揭示负责AGN流出中离子加速的物理过程。 PI将使用通过动力学等离子体模拟验证的半分析形式主义在AGN风力冲击和使用跟踪的测试粒子的相对论磁性磁力动力学模拟上进行建模，以计算AGN Jets的UHECRS和中间值的光谱。他们将解决以下问题：（1）离子在AGN风中如何加速，他们的多门票签名是什么？ （2）AGN喷气机产生的弥漫性和源超高宇宙射线和中微子光谱是什么？ （3）在产生能量的宇宙射线和中微子时，风与喷气机之间是否存在相互作用？该奖项促进了宇宙大意上的窗口的目标。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛影响的评论标准来评估值得支持的。