RAPID: Exploring the high-frequency variability of air-sea CO2 fluxes in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific from an ecotourism ship

RAPID：从生态旅游船上探索东赤道太平洋海气二氧化碳通量的高频变化

• 批准号: 2225719
• 负责人: Nicolas Cassar
• 金额: $ 5.7万
• 依托单位: Duke University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2225719&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Exploring; frequency; variability; air

This award will support the installation of a sensor on an ecotourism ship to continuously measure surface water carbon dioxide concentrations while the ship is underway among the Galapagos islands. Ecotourism ships are conducting transects on an almost weekly basis in critical regions of the world’s oceans, such as the Southern Ocean, the Arctic, and the Equatorial Pacific, far beyond cost-effective reach of oceanographic research vessels. The long-term goal is for the current proposed work to serve as a pilot or proof-of-concept study, and to expand the deployment of automated underway sensors and scientific equipment on other ships such as those of the Lindblad Expeditions-National Geographic fleet (and other ecotourism companies) in other climate-important regions, including the Arctic and Antarctica. In addition to collecting high-quality data, the proposed work will educate ship guests on the central role of oceans in global climate and stimulate their interest in hands-on citizen science. The specific goals of this project are to complete installation of a General Oceanics pCO2 sensor on the Galapagos ecotourism ship of Lindblad Expeditions and to initiate a time series of high resolution, high frequency observations. The overarching hypothesis guiding this work is that the current sampling program in this hotspot of air-sea CO2 flux leads to large uncertainties in estimates of the annual global carbon CO2 uptake by the ocean. A corollary hypothesis is that pCO2 measured within the 3x3 degree Galapagos Archipelago reflects broader-scale patterns in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific (EEP), controlled by highly dynamic and highly variable currents, upwelling, and biologic productivity. The investigators will utilize statistical modelling and machine learning techniques to tie the Galapagos observations to those from less frequent shipboard observations and to the MAPCO2 TAO moorings in the EEP some 20 degrees farther west. Continuous, multi-year, high-resolution study will greatly improve estimates of the absolute value and the interannual variability of the EEP and global air-sea CO2 flux. Data will be submitted to the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) observational dataset for inclusion in their annual air-sea CO2 flux budgets and incorporation into the Global Carbon Project.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项将支持在生态旅游船上安装传感器，以在该船在加拉帕戈斯群岛之间航行时连续测量地表水二氧化碳浓度，生态旅游船几乎每周都会在世界海洋的关键区域进行横断面测量。如南大洋、北极和赤道太平洋，远远超出了海洋学研究船的成本效益范围。目前拟议的工作是作为试点或概念验证研究，并扩张除了收集高质量数据外，还在其他船舶上部署自动持续传感器和科学设备，例如林德布拉德探险队-国家地理船队（以及其他生态旅游公司）在其他气候重要地区（包括北极和南极洲）的船舶。拟议的工作将让船上客人了解海洋在全球气候中的核心作用，并激发他们对实践公民科学的兴趣。该项目的具体目标是在加拉帕戈斯生态旅游上完成 General Oceanics pCO2 传感器的安装。 Lindblad 探险队的船并启动了高分辨率、高频观测的时间序列，指导这项工作的总体假设是，当前在这一海气二氧化碳通量热点地区的采样计划导致对全球年度碳的估计存在很大的不确定性。海洋吸收 CO2 的一个推论是，在 3x3 度加拉帕戈斯群岛内测量的 pCO2 反映了东赤道太平洋 (EEP) 的更广泛范围的模式，受高度动态和控制。研究人员将利用统计模型和机器学习技术，将加拉帕戈斯群岛的观测结果与不太频繁的船上观测结果以及位于西边约 20 度的 EEP 的 MAPCO2 TAO 系泊点联系起来。年的高分辨率研究将极大地改进对 EEP 绝对值和年际变化的估计，全球海气二氧化碳通量数据将提交给表层海洋二氧化碳图集。 (SOCAT) 观测数据集，纳入其年度海空二氧化碳通量预算并纳入全球碳项目。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。