Collaborative Research: EAR Climate - Pairing calcium and clumped isotopes to inform carbon cycle and climate dynamics at the onset of the Late Paleozoic Ice Age

合作研究：EAR 气候 - 将钙和聚集同位素配对，以了解晚古生代冰河时代开始时的碳循环和气候动态

• 批准号: 2221963
• 负责人: Kristin Bergmann
• 金额: $ 24.89万
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2221963&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; EAR; Climate; Pairing

Past climates are relevant to understanding how sensitive the Earth system is to rising greenhouse gas levels like carbon dioxide. The Late Paleozoic Ice Age from 350 to 290 million years ago was the longest-lived glaciated period of the past half-billion years and represents an important opportunity to study the coupling between Earth’s climate and the global carbon cycle. Although the challenge in deep time studies is the need to rely on ‘proxies’ for climate rather than direct measurements, recent advances provide new opportunities to understand the full range of natural variability in the climate system that informs our future. This project will develop novel isotope proxies to understand the role of land plant evolution on organic carbon burial, atmospheric carbon dioxide, and temperature at the beginning of the Late Paleozoic Ice Age. Benefits will include training of early career scientists, including those from under-represented groups, and developing hands-on demonstrations aimed at improving student understanding of the delicate balance between carbon inputs and outputs to Earth’s atmosphere. The proposed research on the Late Paleozoic Ice Age will investigate important questions that have hindered progress towards understanding the relationship between global carbon cycling and climate: 1) diagenetic influences on stable carbon isotopes in shallow water carbonates that are used as a proxy for carbon cycling and 2) the role of temperature versus ice volume in marine oxygen isotope records. To test hypotheses of diagenesis versus global carbon cycling and temperature versus ice volume, this research will utilize the novel calcium and clumped isotope systems. Calcium has the advantage of providing insight on the impact of diagenesis on measured carbon isotopes whereas clumped isotopes record temperature but are unaffected by mineralogy, precipitation rate, or the isotopic evolution of seawater. Calcium and clumped isotopes may transform our understanding of Earth history and this study will benefit research approaches over a range of spatial and temporal scales.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

过去的气候有助于了解地球系统对二氧化碳等温室气体水平上升的敏感程度。 350 至 2.9 亿年前的晚古生代冰河时期是过去 5 亿年中寿命最长的冰川时期，代表着一个新的时期。研究地球气候与全球碳循环之间耦合的重要机会 尽管深度研究的挑战是需要依赖气候“代理”而不是直接测量，但最近的进展为了解整个范围提供了新的机会。该项目将开发新的同位素代理，以了解陆地植物进化对有机碳埋藏、大气二氧化碳和晚古生代冰河时代初期温度的作用。包括对早期职业科学家（包括来自代表性不足群体的科学家）进行培训，并开展实践演示，旨在提高学生对地球大气碳输入和输出之间微妙平衡的理解。拟议的关于晚古生代冰河时代的研究。将调查阻碍理解全球碳循环与气候之间关系的重要问题：1）成岩作用对浅水碳酸盐中稳定碳同位素的影响，浅水碳酸盐用作碳循环的代表；2）温度与冰量的作用为了测试成岩作用与全球碳循环以及温度与冰体积的假设，这项研究将利用新型钙和聚集的同位素系统，其优点是可以深入了解成岩作用与全球碳循环的影响。测量的碳同位素的成岩作用，而团块同位素记录温度，但不受矿物学、降水率或海水同位素演化的影响，钙和团块同位素可能会改变我们对地球历史的理解，这项研究将有利于一系列空间和研究方法。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。