LTREB Renewal: Drivers of temperate forest carbon storage from canopy closure through successional time

LTREB 更新：从树冠关闭到演替时间的温带森林碳储存驱动因素

• 批准号: 2245670
• 负责人: Lucas Nave
• 金额: $ 59.47万
• 依托单位: Michigan Technological University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-10-01 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2245670&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: LTREB; Renewal; Drivers; temperate; forest

Forest disturbances, such as clear-cutting and fire, typically lead to large losses of carbon and nutrients from forests and their soils. Virtually all forests in the Eastern US are recovering from such disturbances, whether natural or human-caused. It is, however, not well understood what mechanisms control recovery times of forest carbon and nutrient stocks following disturbance. Also not well known is how plant growth, soil development and climate variation interactively regulate recoveries of carbon and nutrients in aging forests. This project uses long-term experimental plots at the University of Michigan Biological Station (a 110-year-old field station in northern Michigan) to investigate how changes in forests lead to overall carbon capture and storage. Globally, forests remove approximately 1/4 of carbon emissions from fossil fuel combustion, with temperate forests, like those studied here, being responsible for almost half of that carbon removal from the atmosphere. However, it is uncertain whether forests will continue to partially offset human-derived carbon emissions as they age and mature following past large-scale disturbances. This project provides critical data and mechanistic understanding needed to predict the magnitude and duration of continued temperate forest carbon uptake, and the ability of forests to provide fiber, fuel, habitat, and many other benefits to society.This long-term (10-year) project began to answer globally significant questions in its productive first 5 years. Researchers are measuring the forests and soils in 6 forest stands (approx. 2 acres each) that were experimentally cut and burned in either 1936, 1948, 1954, 1980, 1998, or 2017. These cutting and burning treatments replicate larger-scale cutting and burning that occurred in the early 1900s across the Great Lakes region within which the experimental stands are nested. Forest structural measurements include patterns of tree, leaf, and branch density and arrangement. Soil measurements include both nutrient distribution and availability and soil carbon fluxes. By using nearby old forests (130- to 200-yr-old) that were not severely cut and burned as reference points, the team is linking disturbance, climate, soil, and vegetation controls to long-term patterns of carbon sequestration in forests that are representative of other forests across the northern U.S. and similar regions in Canada, Europe and Asia.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

砍伐和火灾等森林干扰通常会导致森林及其土壤的碳和养分大量流失。事实上，美国东部的所有森林都正在从此类干扰中恢复，无论是自然干扰还是人为干扰。然而，目前尚不清楚是什么机制控制干扰后森林碳和养分储量的恢复时间。 同样不为人所知的是，植物生长、土壤发育和气候变化如何交互调节老化森林中碳和养分的恢复。该项目利用密歇根大学生物站（密歇根州北部有 110 年历史的野外站）的长期实验田来研究森林变化如何导致总体碳捕获和储存。在全球范围内，森林消除了化石燃料燃烧产生的约 1/4 的碳排放，其中温带森林（如本文研究的森林）吸收了大气中近一半的碳。然而，随着森林在过去的大规模干扰后老化和成熟，森林是否会继续部分抵消人类产生的碳排放尚不确定。该项目提供了预测温带森林持续碳吸收的规模和持续时间所需的关键数据和机制理解，以及森林为社会提供纤维、燃料、栖息地和许多其他好处的能力。这个长期（10 年） ）项目在其富有成效的前五年开始回答全球重大问题。研究人员正在测量 6 个林分（每个约 2 英亩）的森林和土壤，这些林分在 1936 年、1948 年、1954 年、1980 年、1998 年或 2017 年进行了实验性砍伐和燃烧。这些砍伐和燃烧处理复制了更大规模的砍伐和燃烧。 1900 年代初，实验站所在的五大湖地区发生了一场大火。森林结构测量包括树木、树叶和树枝的密度和排列模式。土壤测量包括养分分布和有效性以及土壤碳通量。通过使用附近没有被严重砍伐和烧毁的老森林（130 至 200 年）作为参考点，该团队将干扰、气候、土壤和植被控制与森林碳固存的长期模式联系起来，是美国北部以及加拿大、欧洲和亚洲类似地区的其他森林的代表。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Fire after clear-cut harvesting minimally affects the recovery of ecosystem carbon pools and fluxes in a Great Lakes forest

砍伐后的火灾对五大湖森林生态系统碳库和通量的恢复影响最小

• DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120301
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Forest Ecology and Management
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Clay, Cameron;Nave, Luke;Nadelhoffer, Knute;Vogel, Christoph;Propson, Brooke;Den Uyl, John;Hickey, Laura J.;Barry, Alexandra;Gough, Christopher M.
• 通讯作者: Gough, Christopher M.

Disturbance has variable effects on the structural complexity of a temperate forest landscape

干扰对温带森林景观的结构复杂性有不同的影响

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.109004
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Ecological Indicators
• 影响因子: 6.9
• 作者: Gough, Christopher M.;Atkins, Jeff W.;Fahey, Robert T.;Curtis, Peter S.;Bohrer, Gil;Hardiman, Brady S.;Hickey, Laura J.;Nave, Lucas E.;Niedermaier, Kerstin M.;Clay, Cameron
• 通讯作者: Clay, Cameron

Mechanistically-grounded pathways connect remotely sensed canopy structure to soil respiration

机械接地路径将遥感冠层结构与土壤呼吸连接起来

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158267
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Science of The Total Environment
• 影响因子: 9.8
• 作者: Hickey, Laura J.;Nave, Lucas E.;Nadelhoffer, Knute J.;Clay, Cameron;Marini, Alexandra I.;Gough, Christopher M.
• 通讯作者: Gough, Christopher M.