CAREER: Scalable Consensus Protocol Design with Accountability and Privacy under Practical Failure Models

职业：在实际失败模型下具有责任和隐私的可扩展共识协议设计

基本信息

批准号：
2237814
负责人：
Kartik Ravidas Nayak
金额：
$ 60.37万
依托单位：
Duke University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-05-15 至 2028-04-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2237814&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CAREER Scalable Consensus Protocol Design

项目摘要

In many fields, such as commerce and finance, a small number of organizations are trusted to maintain the integrity of data and transactions. If these organizations fail, the core integrity property is lost. Blockchains systems form the critical infrastructure and technology for decentralizing trust to multiple parties such that integrity is maintained even if some of them are malicious. Due to the value of the information stored, these systems need the ability to tolerate a significant fraction of malicious parties, ensure these parties do not have an incentive to misbehave, and hold parties accountable and recover in case of an attack. Moreover, for scalability, these systems need to have low communication complexity, good latency, and support private transactions. Unfortunately, existing blockchain systems do not meet all of these requirements. This project makes novel scientific advances by bridging the gap between theoretical foundations and the practical aspects of blockchain consensus by considering several properties such as accountability, practical failure models, and privacy. The project's broader significance and importance include: (i) improved designs for public blockchains such as Ethereum and Zcash, industry-based permissioned blockchains such as VMware Concord, and applications such as decentralized finance and Central Banking Digital Currencies, (ii) a comprehensive education, dissemination, and outreach plan resulting in (a) new graduate and undergraduate courses with open-source materials, (b) the mentoring of graduate, undergraduate, and high school students – especially from underrepresented minorities in computing, and (c) organizing events that facilitate interdisciplinary collaboration on blockchains.The project exploits and reveals synergies between distributed computing, theory, privacy, game theory, and computer systems. It answers fundamental research questions on 1) defining and studying mechanisms for fault detection and recovery and how they act as a feedback loop to the security and efficiency of the system, 2) designing secure and efficient self-stabilizing synchronous protocols tolerating minority corruption, 3) analyzing consensus in the presence of rational parties, and 4) understanding the limits of and designing randomized privacy mechanisms for privacy-preserving proof-of-stake protocols.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在商业和金融等许多领域，少数组织被信任来维护数据和交易的完整性，如果这些组织失败，那么区块链系统就会失去信任的关键基础设施和技术。多个参与方，即使其中一些是恶意的，也能保持完整性。由于存储信息的价值，这些系统需要能够容忍大部分恶意参与方，确保这些参与方没有不当行为的动机，并且追究各方责任并在出现问题时进行追偿此外，为了可扩展性，这些系统需要具有低通信复杂性、良好的延迟并支持私有交易，不幸的是，现有的区块链系统无法满足所有这些要求，从而弥补了理论基础之间的差距。通过考虑问责制、实际失败模型和隐私等几个属性，区块链共识的实际方面包括：(i) 改进以太坊和 Zcash 等公共区块链、基于行业的许可区块链的设计。作为VMware Concord 以及去中心化金融和中央银行数字货币等应用程序，(ii) 全面的教育、传播和外展计划，从而实现 (a) 使用开源材料的新研究生和本科生课程，(b) 对研究生、本科生和高中生——尤其是来自计算领域代表性不足的少数群体的学生，以及（c）组织促进区块链跨学科合作的活动。该项目利用并揭示了分布式计算、理论、隐私、博弈论和计算机系统之间的协同作用。基本研究问题涉及 1) 定义和研究故障检测和恢复机制以及它们如何充当系统安全性和效率的反馈循环，2) 设计安全且高效的自稳定同步协议以容忍少数腐败，3) 分析在理性各方在场的情况下，以及 4) 了解保护隐私的权益证明协议的随机隐私机制的局限性并设计随机隐私机制。该奖项共识反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力评估进行评估，被认为值得支持优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（4）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Abraxas: Throughput-Efficient Hybrid Asynchronous Consensus

DOI：
10.1145/3576915.3623191
发表时间：
2023-11
期刊：
Proceedings of the 2023 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security
影响因子：
0
作者：
Erica Blum;Jonathan Katz;J. Loss;Kartik Nayak;Simon Ochsenreither
通讯作者：
Erica Blum;Jonathan Katz;J. Loss;Kartik Nayak;Simon Ochsenreither

Player-Replaceability and Forensic Support are Two Sides of the Same (Crypto) Coin