CAREER: Low-energy Nuclear Physics and Fundamental Symmetries with Neutrons and Cryogenic Technologies

职业：低能核物理以及中子和低温技术的基本对称性

• 批准号: 2232117
• 负责人: Kent Leung
• 金额: $ 61.63万
• 依托单位: Montclair State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-01 至 2028-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2232117&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Low; energy; Nuclear; Physics

The neutron is one of the simplest building blocks of matter and also one of the most useful in understanding and testing some of the most fundamental concepts of physics. This award will support the PI in leadership roles in two high-profile experiments that will use novel technologies to advance those experiments. One experiment will determine with high sensitivity whether the neutron has a permanent distribution of charge, which would have profound impacts on how time and energy symmetries are related. The PI plans to optimize an ultracold storage cell for neutrons and a new type of magnetometer for this experiment. The PI will use a similar ultracold system in a second experiment to test the stiffness of neutrons when exposed to external electromagnetic fields. The award will also support the PI’s plan for recruiting students from the awardee’s home institution and a nearby community college into the research activities. By gaining skills in highly technical cryogenic and computational techniques, the students will be well prepared for careers in STEM fields. This award will support the PI’s leadership roles in two high-profile experiments (nEDM@SNS and Compton scattering at the High Intensity gamma-ray Source (HIgs) at the Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL). The nEDM experiment is a search for time reversal symmetry breaking (i.e. a non-zero EDM of the neutron) and Compton scattering can be used to measure the polarizability of the nucleon and thus test the latest models of QCD. For the nEDM experiment, the PI will optimize the cryogenic measurement cell and develop low-field magnetometry using nitrogen-vacancy diamond to improve the systematics of the EDM measurement. The same cryogenic system would be used to study thermally and dynamically polarized protons and deuterons at HIgS.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

中子是最简单的物质组成部分之一，也是理解和测试一些最基本的物理学概念最有用的组成部分之一。该奖项将支持 PI 在两个备受瞩目的实验中发挥领导作用，这两个实验将使用新颖的实验。一项实验将以高灵敏度永久确定中子是否具有永久的电荷分布，这将对时间和能量对称性的关系产生深远的影响。一种新型的该实验的磁力计将在第二个实验中使用类似的超冷系统来测试中子在暴露于外部电磁场时的刚度。该奖项还将支持 PI 从获奖者所在机构和附近社区招募学生的计划。通过获得高技术低温和计算技术方面的技能，学生将为 STEM 领域的职业做好充分准备，该奖项将支持 PI 在两个备受瞩目的实验中的领导作用。 （三角大学核实验室 (TUNL) 高强度伽马射线源 (HIgs) 的 nEDM@SNS 和康普顿散射。nEDM 实验是寻找时间反转对称性破缺（即中子的非零 EDM）康普顿散射可用于测量核子的极化率，从而测试最新的QCD模型。对于nEDM实验，PI将优化低温测量单元并使用氮空位金刚石开发低场磁力测量，以改进 EDM 测量的系统性。相同的低温系统将用于研究 HIgS 的热和动态极化质子和氘核。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并具有通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Electric charging effects on insulating surfaces in cryogenic liquids

低温液体中绝缘表面的电荷效应

• DOI: 10.1063/5.0195101
• 发表时间: 2024
• 期刊: Review of Scientific Instruments
• 影响因子: 1.6
• 作者: Korsch, Wolfgang;Broering, Mark;Timsina, Ashok;Leung, Kent K.;Abney, Joshua;Budker, Dmitry;Filippone, Bradley W.;He, Jiachen;Kandu, Suman;McCrea, Mark
• 通讯作者: McCrea, Mark