Collaborative Research: HCC: Small: Toolkits for Creating Interaction-powered Energy-aware Computing Systems

合作研究：HCC：小型：用于创建交互驱动的能源感知计算系统的工具包

• 批准号: 2228982
• 负责人: Yang Zhang
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-01-01 至 2025-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2228982&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; HCC; Small; Toolkits

The explosion in the number of “smart” computing devices has led to the need to design power solutions that reduce their ecological footprint and electronic waste. One possible answer is “self-sustaining” systems that harvest power from electromagnetic, solar, and other sources, reducing the need for batteries and external charging. This project looks at a novel kind of self-sustaining power source, one where systems draw energy from how people use them, for instance through button clicks or motion of the device. These user interactions are a promising source of power, but require careful management on the part of device designers since both the timing and types of interactions can be unpredictable and must be designed primarily to meet users’ needs rather than power goals. The research team seeks to deepen the understanding of information and resource needs of novice designers of self-sustaining systems and to create tools that help developers manage those needs. This in turn will improve sustainability in the design of computing systems, with the goal of developing power sources and development methods that generalize to a wide set of device design contexts. The project is structured around three research thrusts. The first is to better understand user needs, through a combination of observations of novices and experts programming self-sustaining systems, interviews, and surveys. The second is to create modules to harvest energy from interactions, providing developers with profiling tools and composable mechanisms enabled by a generic backbone system. The third is to develop toolkits that link the first two thrusts: supporting the development, deployment, and assessment of self-sustaining computing systems by providing guidance to developers on harvester selection, mechanism design, energy profiling, debugging, and beyond. These three research thrusts will be complemented by a comprehensive evaluation with a series of technical validations and user studies. This project will adopt common qualitative and quantitative evaluation techniques including A/B tests, Likert-scale questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, experimenters’ observations, walk-through demonstrations, evaluation through demonstrations, and pair programming. Overall, this research effort will guide the creation of tools to support future developments of self-sustaining computing systems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

“智能”计算设备数量的爆炸式增长导致需要设计减少其生态足迹和电子废物的电源解决方案，一种可能的答案是从电磁、太阳能和其他来源获取电力的“自我维持”系统。 ，减少对电池和外部充电的需求，这着眼于一种新型的自维持电源，系统从人们使用它们的方式中获取能量，例如通过按钮点击或设备的运动。一个有前途的动力来源，但需要设备设计人员需要谨慎管理，因为交互的时间和类型都可能是不可预测的，并且必须主要满足用户的需求而不是电源目标。研究团队致力于加深对新手设计人员的信息和资源需求的理解。自我维持系统并创建帮助开发人员管理这些需求的工具，这反过来将提高计算系统设计的可持续性，目标是开发可推广到广泛的设备设计环境的电源和开发方法。该项目围绕三个研究重点构建。一是通过结合对编程自维持系统的新手和专家的观察、访谈和调查，更好地了解用户需求；二是创建模块以从交互中获取能量，为开发人员提供由开发人员支持的分析工具和可组合机制。第三是开发连接前两个主旨的工具包：通过为开发人员提供收集器选择、机制设计、能量分析、调试和评估等方面的指导来支持自维持计算系统的开发、部署和评估。这三个研究重点将通过一系列技术验证和用户研究进行综合评估，该项目将采用常见的定性定量和评估技术，包括 A/B 测试、李克特量表问卷、半结构化访谈、实验者。总体而言，这项研究工作将指导工具的创建，以支持自我维持计算系统的未来发展。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并被认为是值得的。通过评估提供支持基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

Interaction Harvesting: A Design Probe of User-Powered Widgets

交互收获：用户驱动的小部件的设计探索

• DOI: 10.1145/3610880
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies
• 作者: Mamish, John;Guo, Amy;Cohen, Thomas;Richey, Julian;Zhang, Yang;Hester, Josiah
• 通讯作者: Hester, Josiah