IRES Track 1: Impact of Emerging Information Processing Technologies on Architectures and Applications – a U.S.—French Partnership

IRES 轨道 1：新兴信息处理技术对架构和应用程序的影响——美国与法国的合作伙伴关系

• 批准号: 2153622
• 负责人: Michael Niemier
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: University of Notre Dame
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2153622&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: IRES; Track; Impact; Emerging; Information

For over 30 years, MOS field effect transistors (MOSFETs) have been the mainstay of the now $400B/year semiconductor industry and are used to both process and store information “on chip.” The ability to continuously make transistors smaller (aka Moore's Law scaling) has fueled exponential improvements in computer processor size and performance. Unfortunately, transistor scaling has become limited by physics, cost, and manufacturing-related issues. Furthermore, constraints such as data center power budgets, the practical limits of air cooling, and the rise of mobile and edge connected devices in the internet of things (IoT) have all made energy efficiency an equally important design driver. IRES projects are motivated by (i) the semiconductor industry's search for devices/technologies to continue performance scaling trends historically associated with Moore's Law, and (ii) the need for new technologies and computer architectures to meet the computational needs of emerging application spaces at the edge. Researchers from the University of Notre Dame (ND) and mentors from Ecole Centrale de Lyon in France will work with Computer Science and Engineering (CSE) students from ND, as well as students from other institutions that are affiliated with ND led research centers, to study how new computer architectures that are enabled by emerging technologies will ultimately impact application-level drivers. A strong, diverse cohort of IRES researchers will be recruited via collaborations with leaders from the AnBryce Scholars Initiative, QuestBridge Scholars, STEM Scholars, and Posse programs. An overarching goal is to identify outstanding IRES candidates from minority, low-income, and first-generation student groups (as well as combinations thereof) from university departments whose academic focus would be in-line with that of this proposal. The Assistant Dean of Student Development (who oversees women in engineering and first-year engineering) will also be consulted to identify promising female students, as well as students from low income/first generation/other minority groups. In more technical detail, the coupling of technology, architecture, and applications is essential as the unique characteristics of new devices will lead to circuits and architectures that are fundamentally different from the existing state-of-the-art and may lead to new computational models for solving a given problem. Application-level analysis is the best – and frequently the only – way to judge the ultimate utility of a new device. A particular emphasis is placed on the impact of new technologies and models when applied to machine learning (via hardware support for algorithms that can learn with limited amounts of training data, as well as analog hardware to support efficient training/inference at the edge. Hardware architectures that merge logic and memory to support secure processing (e.g., AES and homomorphic encryption) are also considered. Systematic benchmarking of proposed hardware solutions against the state-of-the-art will also be done. This focus is well-suited for this IRES team given a US emphasis on technology driven hardware architectures, and a European focus on hardware solutions for the IoT. This project is funded by the Office of International Science and Engineering (OISE).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

30 多年来，MOS 场效应晶体管 (MOSFET) 一直是目前每年 400B 美元的半导体行业的支柱，用于“片上”处理和存储信息。不断缩小晶体管尺寸的能力（又名摩尔定律）不幸的是，晶体管的尺寸缩小已受到物理、成本和制造相关问题的限制，例如数据中心功率预算、空气冷却的实际限制和性能。物联网 (IoT) 中移动和边缘连接设备的兴起都使得能源效率成为同等重要的设计驱动因素，IRES 项目的动机是 (i) 半导体行业对设备/技术的探索，以延续历史上与性能扩展相关的趋势。摩尔定律，以及 (ii) 需要新技术和计算机架构来满足边缘新兴应用空间的计算需求，圣母大学 (ND) 的研究人员和法国里昂中央理工学院的导师将与我们合作。计算机科学与工程来自 ND 的 (CSE) 学生以及来自 ND 领导的研究中心的其他机构的学生，研究新兴技术支持的新计算机架构将如何最终影响应用程序级驱动因素。研究人员将通过与 AnBryce Scholars Initiative、QuestBridge Scholars、STEM Scholars 和 Posse 项目的领导者合作招募。总体目标是从少数族裔、低收入和第一代学生群体中找出优秀的 IRES 候选人。还将咨询来自大学院系的学术重点与本提案一致的学生发展助理院长（负责监督工程和一年级工程领域的女性），以确定有前途的女性。学生以及来自低收入/第一代/其他少数群体的学生在更多技术细节上，技术、架构和应用的耦合至关重要，因为新设备的独特特性将导致电路和架构完全不同。从现有的最先进的技术来看，可能会导致用于解决给定问题的新计算模型是判断新设备最终效用的最佳方法（通常也是唯一方法），特别强调新技术和模型应用于时的影响。机器学习（通过硬件支持可以使用有限数量的训练数据进行学习的算法，以及支持边缘高效训练/推理的模拟硬件。合并逻辑和内存以支持安全处理的硬件架构（例如 AES 和同态）加密）也被考虑在内。鉴于美国强调技术驱动的硬件架构，而欧洲则关注物联网的硬件解决方案，因此还将针对最先进的硬件解决方案进行基准测试。该项目由国际科学与工程办公室 (OISE) 资助。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，认为值得支持。