Collaborative Research: ORCC: The role of bioenergetic budgets in defining elevation limits and modeling geographic ranges of species

合作研究：ORCC：生物能预算在定义海拔限制和建模物种地理范围中的作用

• 批准号: 2222475
• 负责人: Matthew Troia
• 金额: $ 51.52万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at San Antonio
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-10-01 至 2025-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2222475&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; ORCC; role; bioenergetic; Collaborative; Research; ORCC; role; bioenergetic

Freshwaters cover only 0.8% of Earth’s surface, yet these ecosystems harbor 31% of global fish biodiversity. Ongoing climate change is altering the physiology and behavior of fishes, and subsequently allowing some species to expand their geographic ranges while driving range retraction of other species. The goal of this project is to forecast how changing climate is shifting the lower and upper elevation limits of fishes in mountain streams and rivers. The research will take place along an elevational stream continuum in the southern Appalachian Mountains—a hotspot of biodiversity harboring unique fishes that are essential for maintaining healthy freshwater ecosystems on which humanity depends. The research team will perform laboratory experiments to measure the effect of temperature on fish physiology, behavior, and growth. New computational techniques will be used to integrate data from these laboratory experiments with a 2-year field study of wild fish populations to create detailed maps of elevational shifts during the remainder of the 21st century. Throughout the project, the research team will host workshops with conservation practitioners to transform research findings into real-world tools that can immediately inform conservation decisions. A professional development workshop will be hosted for K-12 teachers in Knoxville, TN, and laboratory experiments will take place at a Hispanic Serving Institution in San Antonio, TX, thus advancing societal goals of diversity, equity, and inclusion in STEM education.This project will develop the next generation of species distribution models (SDMs) by integrating organism-level bioenergetic budgets with community-level predator-prey interactions. The goal is to improve understanding of how physiological and behavioral traits as well as multiple, simultaneous environmental factors associated with climate and land use change drive geographic range limits. The following hypotheses will be tested: (1) Elevational limits of species are concordant with transitions from energy surplus to deficit along the elevation gradient. (2) Physiological and behavioral traits of species determine the relative effects of temperature, stream flow, and prey abundance on elevational differences in organismal energy budgets. This next-gen SDM framework will be validated using a species comparative approach, focusing on low- and high-elevation pairs of pelagic (water column) minnows and benthic (stream bottom) darters. Once validated, SDMs will be projected under future scenarios of temperature, stream flow, and prey abundance to forecast shifts in species elevational and latitudinal limits. Because the inputs for these next-gen SDMs are thermal reaction norms, eco-evolutionary hypotheses based in established theory of thermal adaptation (e.g., countergradient variation) will be used to explore how thermal niche evolution might attenuate future shifts in species range limits. More generally, project findings will advance understanding of species range limits by explicitly integrating Grinnellian and Eltonian niche concepts to elucidate underlying mechanisms.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

淡水仅占地球表面的0.8％，但这些生态系统占全球鱼类生物多样性的31％。持续的气候变化正在改变鱼类的生理和行为，随后允许某些物种在其他物种的练习范围缩回时扩大其地理范围。该项目的目的是预测气候变化如何改变山溪流和河流中鱼类的下部和上部高度限制。这项研究将沿着阿巴拉契亚南部山脉的海拔流连续体进行，这是一个生物多样性的热点，具有独特的鱼类，这对于维持人类依赖的健康淡水生态系统至关重要。研究小组将进行实验室实验，以衡量温度对鱼类生理，行为和生长的影响。新的计算技术将用于将这些实验室实验的数据与对野生鱼类种群进行的为期2年的现场研究，以在21世纪其余的时间内创建高升高的详细图。在整个项目中，研究团队将与保护从业人员举办研讨会，以将研究结果转变为现实世界中的工具，这些工具可以立即为保护决策提供信息。将在田纳西州诺克斯维尔举办的K-12教师举办专业发展研讨会，实验室实验将在德克萨斯州圣安东尼奥的西班牙裔服务机构举行，从而促进多样性，公平和融入STEM教育的社会目标。互动。目的是提高对与气候和土地使用变化相关的生理和行为特征以及多种简单环境因素的理解。将测试以下假设：（1）物种的高度限制与从能量盈余到沿高度梯度的赤字的过渡一致。 （2）物种的生理和行为特征决定了温度，流流和捕食丰度对有机能预算高度差异的相对影响。该下一代SDM框架将通过物种比较方法进行验证，重点是骨（水柱）minnows和底栖（底底）射击的低海拔和高升值对。一旦验证，SDM将在未来的温度，流流和猎物丰富的情况下进行预测，以预测物种高度和纬度限制的变化。由于这些下一代SDM的输入是热反应规范，因此将使用基于既定的热适应理论（例如，相反差异）的生态进化假设来探索热生位的进化如何减弱物种范围限制中未来的变化。更一般而言，项目发现将通过明确整合Grinnellian和Eltonian Niche概念以阐明基本机制来提高对物种范围限制的理解。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准来通过评估来诚实地认为，通过评估来诚实地支持。