URoL:EN: Integrating paleogenomics, ecology, and geology to predict organism-environment coupled evolution during rapid warming and ice sheet retreat

URoL:EN：整合古基因组学、生态学和地质学来预测快速变暖和冰盖退缩期间的生物-环境耦合演化

• 批准号: 2221988
• 负责人: Charlotte Lindqvist
• 金额: $ 294.52万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Buffalo
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-02-01 至 2027-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2221988&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: URoL; EN; Integrating; paleogenomics; ecology

Over the last century, global climate has experienced marked temperature increases that have incurred environmental, biotic, and societal impacts. Research on organismal responses to climate change have often concentrated on single or closely-interrelated species, and over short to very recent timescales. The long-term effects from the amplitude and duration of climate-change remain largely unknown because species are embedded in complex networks of interactions with one another and the environments they live in, and because there is substantial variation in responses among species over space and time. While the Earth’s global temperatures have fluctuated repeatedly over its entire history, the abrupt changes that took place just after the last Ice Age are particularly useful analogs for processes occurring today. This research will focus on prehistoric climate perturbations in Southeast Alaska, an ideal natural laboratory that holds exceptional geologic archives of past biological and climate change. The region is a hotspot of biological diversity that hosted remarkable shifts of native species over the past ~40 thousand years and served as a crucial gateway for early human migration into the New World. The assembled team of scholars, with cross-disciplinary expertise across the biological and geological sciences, will examine how Southeast Alaskan ecosystems responded to Ice-Age environmental change. This research will provide important insights into how rapid climatic shifts can serve as triggers for dramatic and irreversible downstream impacts on both native and colonizing species. The project will invest in interdisciplinary STEM training and career-building to educate the next generation of multidisciplinary scientists, including training of postdocs and a cohort of graduate and undergraduate students spanning different disciplines. It will also offer interdisciplinary seminars, a 1-credit course, summer continuing education programs for science teachers in Buffalo City high schools, and an outreach program targeting K-12 students in Southeast Alaska.Global warming is occurring at an unprecedented rapid pace in the history of Earth, and its effects are predicted to include loss of sea ice, accelerated sea level rise, changes in weather patterns, shifts in geographic ranges for plants, animals and pathogens, lengthening of growing seasons and flowering times, and extinction risks. This project will integrate paleoecological and paleoclimatic information with genetic data to uncover ecosystem changes across a region that evolved through a backdrop of considerable temperature, ice sheet, and sea level transitions. Employing a convergent research approach that combines expertise in paleogenomics, ecology, geology and paleoclimatology, the project will focus on the Last Glacial Maximum to Holocene transition and three Holocene rapid warming events in Southeast Alaska, which will serve as a model system for a new and general paradigm. Invoking the ecological concept of “alternative stable states” over evolutionary time, the research will test the hypothesis that in response to past climate change, ecosystems underwent regime shifts characterized by alternative stable states, environmental tipping points, and periods of rapid community turnover. This research will fill important spatial and temporal gaps in high-resolution, terrestrial climate records spanning a period of dramatic climate change and define universal principles and emergent properties that underlie ecosystem shifts in response to rapid environmental transformation, including a better understanding of how environmental variation impacts ecosystem resilience. The project will invest in interdisciplinary STEM training and career-building to educate the next generation of multidisciplinary scientists, including training of postdocs and a cohort of graduate and undergraduate students spanning different disciplines. It will also offer interdisciplinary seminars, a 1-credit course, summer continuing education programs for science teachers in Buffalo City high schools, and an outreach program targeting K-12 students in Southeast Alaska.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在上个世纪，全球气候经历了明显的温度升高，增长了环境，生物和社会影响。对气候变化的有机反应的研究通常集中在单一或密切相关的物种上，并且在很短的时间表上。由于物种嵌入了与彼此相互作用的复杂网络以及它们所生活的环境的复杂网络中，因此放大器和气候变化的持续时间的长期影响仍然很大，并且由于物种在时空中的反应之间存在很大差异。尽管地球的全球温度在整个历史上反复波动，但在最后一个冰河时代之后发生的突然变化是当今发生的过程特别有用的类似物。这项研究将着重于阿拉斯加东南部的史前气候扰动，这是一个理想的天然实验室，拥有过去生物学和气候变化的非凡地质档案。该地区是生物多样性的热点，在过去的大约40千年中，本地物种的显着转变是早期人类向新世界迁移的关键门户。在生物学和地质科学的跨学科专业知识中，组成的学者团队将研究阿拉斯加东南生态系统如何应对冰年龄的环境变化。这项研究将为气候变化如何作为对天然和殖民物种的戏剧性和不可逆转的下游影响的触发器提供重要的见解。该项目将投资于跨学科的STEM培训和职业建设，以教育下一代的多学科科学家，包括对博士后的培训以及跨越不同学科的研究生和本科生。它还将提供跨学科的半手，1学分的课程，布法罗市高中的科学教师夏季持续教育计划以及针对阿拉斯加东南部K-12学生的推出计划。全球群体变暖正处于地球历史上的前所未有的快速速度，包括海上冰层的损失，包括海上的损失，加快了海平面的变化。植物，动物和病原体，生长季节和开花时间的延长以及延伸风险。该项目将将古生态和古气候信息与遗传数据整合在一起，以发现通过考虑温度，冰盖和海平面过渡的背景发展的区域的生态系统变化。采用收敛研究方法，结合了古生物学，生态学，地质学和古气候学方面的专业知识，该项目将重点关注阿拉斯加东南部的最后一次冰川最大对全新世过渡的最大最大冰期最大值，这将是新的和一般范式的模型系统。研究在进化时间中援引“替代稳定状态”的生态概念，该研究将检验以下假设：在响应过去的气候变化时，生态系统发生了以替代性稳定状态，环境转化点和快速社区转移的时期为特征的政权转移。这项研究将在高分辨率，陆地气候记录中填补重要的空间和时间差距，涵盖了巨大的气候变化时期，并定义了对快速环境转化的生态系统转变的普遍原理和新兴特性，包括对环境变化如何影响生态系统的恢复能力，包括更好地理解环境变化。该项目将投资于跨学科的STEM培训和职业建设，以教育下一代的多学科科学家，包括对博士后的培训以及跨越不同学科的研究生和本科生。它还将提供跨学科的准则，1学分的课程，布法罗市高中科学教师的夏季继续教育课程以及针对阿拉斯加东南部K-12学生的宣传计划。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用该基金会的知识分子的优点和广泛的影响来评估NSF的法定任务，并被认为是宝贵的支持。