URoL:EN: Integrating paleogenomics, ecology, and geology to predict organism-environment coupled evolution during rapid warming and ice sheet retreat

URoL:EN：整合古基因组学、生态学和地质学来预测快速变暖和冰盖退缩期间的生物-环境耦合演化

• 批准号: 2221988
• 负责人: Charlotte Lindqvist
• 金额: $ 294.52万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Buffalo
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-02-01 至 2027-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2221988&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: URoL; EN; Integrating; paleogenomics; ecology

Over the last century, global climate has experienced marked temperature increases that have incurred environmental, biotic, and societal impacts. Research on organismal responses to climate change have often concentrated on single or closely-interrelated species, and over short to very recent timescales. The long-term effects from the amplitude and duration of climate-change remain largely unknown because species are embedded in complex networks of interactions with one another and the environments they live in, and because there is substantial variation in responses among species over space and time. While the Earth’s global temperatures have fluctuated repeatedly over its entire history, the abrupt changes that took place just after the last Ice Age are particularly useful analogs for processes occurring today. This research will focus on prehistoric climate perturbations in Southeast Alaska, an ideal natural laboratory that holds exceptional geologic archives of past biological and climate change. The region is a hotspot of biological diversity that hosted remarkable shifts of native species over the past ~40 thousand years and served as a crucial gateway for early human migration into the New World. The assembled team of scholars, with cross-disciplinary expertise across the biological and geological sciences, will examine how Southeast Alaskan ecosystems responded to Ice-Age environmental change. This research will provide important insights into how rapid climatic shifts can serve as triggers for dramatic and irreversible downstream impacts on both native and colonizing species. The project will invest in interdisciplinary STEM training and career-building to educate the next generation of multidisciplinary scientists, including training of postdocs and a cohort of graduate and undergraduate students spanning different disciplines. It will also offer interdisciplinary seminars, a 1-credit course, summer continuing education programs for science teachers in Buffalo City high schools, and an outreach program targeting K-12 students in Southeast Alaska.Global warming is occurring at an unprecedented rapid pace in the history of Earth, and its effects are predicted to include loss of sea ice, accelerated sea level rise, changes in weather patterns, shifts in geographic ranges for plants, animals and pathogens, lengthening of growing seasons and flowering times, and extinction risks. This project will integrate paleoecological and paleoclimatic information with genetic data to uncover ecosystem changes across a region that evolved through a backdrop of considerable temperature, ice sheet, and sea level transitions. Employing a convergent research approach that combines expertise in paleogenomics, ecology, geology and paleoclimatology, the project will focus on the Last Glacial Maximum to Holocene transition and three Holocene rapid warming events in Southeast Alaska, which will serve as a model system for a new and general paradigm. Invoking the ecological concept of “alternative stable states” over evolutionary time, the research will test the hypothesis that in response to past climate change, ecosystems underwent regime shifts characterized by alternative stable states, environmental tipping points, and periods of rapid community turnover. This research will fill important spatial and temporal gaps in high-resolution, terrestrial climate records spanning a period of dramatic climate change and define universal principles and emergent properties that underlie ecosystem shifts in response to rapid environmental transformation, including a better understanding of how environmental variation impacts ecosystem resilience. The project will invest in interdisciplinary STEM training and career-building to educate the next generation of multidisciplinary scientists, including training of postdocs and a cohort of graduate and undergraduate students spanning different disciplines. It will also offer interdisciplinary seminars, a 1-credit course, summer continuing education programs for science teachers in Buffalo City high schools, and an outreach program targeting K-12 students in Southeast Alaska.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在上个世纪中，全球气候经历了显着的温度升高，对环境、生物和社会产生了影响，对气候变化的生物反应的研究通常集中在单个或密切相关的物种上，并且时间尺度较短。气候变化的幅度和持续时间造成的长期影响在很大程度上仍然未知，因为物种嵌入在彼此及其生活环境相互作用的复杂网络中，而且物种之间的反应在空间和时间上存在很大差异。地球的全球气温发生了波动在整个历史中，上一个冰河时代之后发生的突然变化对于今天发生的过程来说是特别有用的类比。这项研究将重点关注阿拉斯加东南部的史前气候扰动，这是一个理想的自然实验室，拥有过去的特殊地质档案。该地区是生物多样性的热点地区，在过去约 4 万年里居住着大量的本地物种，并且是早期人类迁徙到新世界的重要门户。 - 生物和地质领域的学科专业知识科学，将研究阿拉斯加生态系统如何应对冰河时代的环境变化。这项研究将提供重要的见解，了解快速的气候变化如何引发对本地和殖民物种的巨大和不可逆转的下游影响。培训和职业建设，以教育下一代多学科科学家，包括培训博士后以及一批跨学科的研究生和本科生。 它还将为学生提供跨学科研讨会、1学分课程、暑期继续教育项目。布法罗市高中的科学教师，以及针对阿拉斯加东南部 K-12 学生的外展计划。全球变暖正在以地球历史上前所未有的速度发生，其影响预计将包括海冰消失、海洋加速融化该项目将把古生态和古气候信息与遗传数据结合起来，以揭示整个地区的生态系统变化。是在一个背景下演变而来的该项目将采用综合研究方法，结合古基因组学、生态学、地质学和古气候学方面的专业知识，重点研究末次盛冰期到全新世的转变以及阿拉斯加东南部的三个全新世快速变暖事件。该研究将作为一个新的通用范式的模型系统，援引进化过程中“替代稳定状态”的生态概念，检验生态系统应对过去气候变化的假设。这项研究将填补跨越剧烈气候变化时期的高分辨率陆地气候记录的重要空间和时间空白，并定义普遍原则和新兴特性。该项目将投资于跨学科 STEM 培训和职业建设，以教育下一代多学科科学家，包括博士后和博士后培训。毕业生群体和它还将为布法罗市高中的科学教师提供跨学科研讨会、1 学分课程、暑期继续教育项目以及针对阿拉斯加东南部 K-12 学生的项目。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命。通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，并被认为值得支持。