Collaborative Research: RESEARCH-PGR: Comparative genomics of the capitulum: deciphering the molecular basis of a key floral innovation

合作研究：RESEARCH-PGR：头状花序的比较基因组学：破译关键花卉创新的分子基础

• 批准号: 2214472
• 负责人: Jennifer Mandel
• 金额: $ 81.15万
• 依托单位: University of Memphis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-11-01 至 2026-10-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2214472&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; RESEARCH; PGR; Comparative; Collaborative; Research; RESEARCH; PGR; Comparative

Sunflowers, daisies, and their relatives belong to a family of plants that make up ca. 10% of flowering plant biodiversity and include numerous species of horticultural, medicinal, and industrial value. This group of flowering plants also contains economically important food crops including artichoke, lettuce, safflower, and sunflower. It is considered one of the most successful plant families due to its large size and global distribution. Key to the success of the family is its inflorescence (a capitulum or flower head) which resembles a single, large flower but is actually an aggregate of many small flowers. This unique floral structure plays an important role in pollinator attraction and is a major determinant of yield in many of the family’s crop species. Despite the importance of the capitulum, little is known about the genes involved in its development. Understanding how inflorescences develop has the potential to improve food security through optimization of floral structures for yield in crops, and by accelerating progress toward new crop development. This project will increase available genomic resources for the family and result in the development of novel tools for gene editing in the family. This work will shed light on the genes involved in the development of the capitulum inflorescence in an economically important family and provide valuable information that will facilitate efforts for optimizing inflorescence architecture in related crops. This project will provide educational opportunities for diverse students and researchers at multiple training levels, through directed efforts to recruit individuals from traditionally underrepresented groups. This project integrates comparative genomics, inflorescence developmental transcriptomics, molecular evolutionary analyses, and functional approaches to decipher the genomic basis of a key floral trait – the capitulum – in the sunflower family (Asteraceae) and related flowering plant lineages. This project will enable the testing of hypotheses related to the role of gene duplication and genome evolution in driving evolutionary novelty, the evolutionary forces involved in the origin of the capitulum, and the repeatability of the evolutionary process across plant lineages. The integrated approach will enable the testing of predictive hypotheses about inflorescence development in Asteraceae and related flowering plant lineages. The primary scientific goals are to: (1) decipher the molecular basis of the Asteraceae capitulum using comparative transcriptomic approaches; (2) determine whether the independent origins of capitula arose via common evolutionary processes and genomic mechanisms; and (3) analyze the functional role of key capitulum genes, targeting established stem cell regulatory genes and candidates identified through comparative/evolutionary genomic analyses. This project will generate high-quality genomes and curated inflorescence transcriptomes for multiple species complemented by comparative genomic and evolutionary analyses. These resources and the resulting data will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications and public presentations and will be made freely available via deposition in public repositories and databases including the National Center for Biotechnology Information Sequence Read Archive (NCBI-SRA; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra), Phytozome (https://phytozome-next.jgi.doe.gov/), the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO; http://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo), FigShare (https://figshare.com/), and Dryad (https://dryad.org/).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

向日葵，雏菊及其亲戚属于一个组成的植物家族。开花植物生物多样性的10％，包括许多种类的马文化，医疗和工业价值。这组开花植物还包含经济上重要的粮食作物，包括朝鲜蓟，生菜，红花和向日葵。由于其大小和全球分布，它被认为是最成功的植物家庭之一。家族成功的关键是它的花序（一个大花朵）类似于一朵大花，但实际上是许多小花的骨料。这种独特的花卉结构在传粉媒介吸引力中起着重要作用，并且是该家族许多农作物物种中产量的主要决定因素。尽管资本很重要，但对其发展所涉及的基因知之甚少。了解花序的发展如何通过优化农作物的收益和加速发展的新作物发展来提高粮食安全。该项目将增加为家庭的基因组资源，并导致开发家庭中基因编辑的新工具。这项工作将揭示出经济上重要的家庭中资本花序发展的基因，并提供有价值的信息，这将有助于优化相关作物的花序结构的努力。该项目将通过指导从传统代表性不足的群体中招募个人的努力为潜水员和研究人员提供多个培训水平的教育机会。该项目整合了比较基因组学，花序发育转录组学，分子进化分析以及功能性方法，以解读葵花籽（Asteraceae）和相关开花植物谱系中关键花卉特征的基因组基础 - Capitalum - Capitalum-。该项目将能够测试与基因复制和基因组进化在推动进化新颖性，参与资本起源的进化力以及跨植物谱系进化过程的重复性相关的假设。综合方法将能够测试关于星际科和相关开花植物谱系花序发展的预测假设。主要的科学目标是：（1）使用比较转录组破译芦丝资本的分子基础； （2）确定资本的独立起源是否通过共同的进化过程和基因组机制出现； （3）分析关键资本基因的功能作用，靶向通过比较/进化基因组分析确定的已建立的干细胞调节基因和候选者。该项目将产生高质量的基因组和通过比较基因组和进化分析完成的多种物种的精选花序转录组。这些资源和所得数据将通过经过同行评审的出版物和公开演示进行传播，并将通过公共存储库和数据库中的沉积免费提供，包括国家生物技术中心信息序列序列序列阅读档案（NCBI-SRA; https：https：///wwwwwwwwwww.ncbi.nlm.nlm.nih.gov/sra） （https://phytozome-next.jgi.doe.gov/），基因表达Omnibus（geo; http：//ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo），figshare（https://figshare.com/），并被认为是使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的审查标准的评估，被认为是宝贵的支持。