NSF GEO-NERC: Collaborative Research: A general model for bubble nucleation and growth in volcanic systems

NSF GEO-NERC：协作研究：火山系统中气泡成核和生长的通用模型

• 批准号: 2211627
• 负责人: James Gardner
• 金额: $ 33.39万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2211627&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; GEO; NERC; Collaborative; Research

This project will be jointly funded by the National Science Foundation’s Directorate of Geosciences (NSF/GEO) and the National Environment Research Council (UKRI/NERC) of the United Kingdom (UK) via the NSF/GEO-NERC Lead Agency Agreement. This Agreement allows a single joint US/UK proposal to be submitted and peer-reviewed by the Agency whose investigator has the largest proportion of the budget. Upon successful joint determination of an award, each Agency funds the proportion of the budget and the investigators associated with its own investigators and component of the work. The nucleation and growth of bubbles drives explosive volcanic eruptions. As such, quantitative modelling of these processes is essential if we are to predict eruptive style, as well as the nature of eruptive products. This project will produce a useful tool for the volcanological research community and enable our collective science to better understand and ultimately predict the nature, explosivity, and potential hazard of explosive eruptions. This most serious volcanic hazard arises from large ash eruptions. Ash poses local hazards to the region surrounding volcanoes, such as Mt. St. Helens, in 1980, and also threatens a much broader area with ash fallout that can contaminate surface water and agricultural soils, lead to respiratory stress, and in the case of very large eruptions, can temporarily alter global climate. As such, these eruptions threaten national and global security, and understanding them more fully is a science priority. Toward the goal of such understanding, this project aims to get to the heart of volcanoes- the nucleation of bubble that form, grow and drive explosive eruptions. The project includes international and domestic collaborations with cross-university mentoring of students and postdocs, including K-12 outreach and training of undergraduate and graduate students.This project will create and validate a unified numerical model for the nucleation and growth of bubbles in magma, across the range of compositions most commonly associated with explosive eruptions. At present, rigorous quantitative understanding of the physical controls on the nucleation and growth of bubbles is impeded by two knowledge gaps relating to nucleation processes and complex, evolving bubble growth. The project will combine novel experiments with theoretical modeling to overcome these knowledge gaps by 1) Conducting targeted experiments to constrain a novel, theoretically-grounded formulation that captures both homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation; 2) Creating a numerical model of bubble growth that captures the ensemble behavior of cohorts of interacting bubbles, in which the distribution of nucleation sites may evolve in time and space; 3) Combining the nucleation formulation and bubble growth model to create a unified model. That ensemble bubble growth model will use the nucleation formulation to stochastically and iteratively assign nucleation events within a 3D volume of melt, and track the growth of the resulting bubbles using cohorts of shell models. This combined numerical model will allow users to determine the evolution of magma properties for natural eruption pathways, and set the stage for inverting from eruptive products to infer in-conduit eruptive conditions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目将由国家科学基金会地球科学局（NSF/GEO）和英国国家环境研究委员会（UKRI/NERC）共同资助，并通过NSF/GEO-GEO-NERC首席代理机构协议（UK）共同资助。该协议允许该机构提交和同行评审的一项联合提案，其调查员的预算比例最大。成功确定裁决后，每个机构为预算的比例以及与其自己的调查人员和工作组成部分相关的调查人员提供了资金。气泡的成核和生长驱动了爆炸性的火山喷发。因此，如果我们要预测喷发风格以及喷发产品的性质，对这些过程的定量建模至关重要。该项目将为火山研究界提供有用的工具，并使我们的集体科学能够更好地理解并最终预测爆炸性喷发的性质，爆炸性和潜在危害。这种最严重的火山危害是由大灰爆发引起的。灰烬对火山周围地区（例如圣海伦斯山（St. Helens）等地区）的局部危害，并在1980年威胁着一个更广泛的区域，灰烬的辐射可能会污染地表水和农业土壤，导致呼吸压力，并导致呼吸道压力，并且在非常大的爆发中，可能会暂时改变全球气候。因此，这些喷发威胁到国家和全球安全，并更充分地理解它们是科学的重点。为了实现这种理解，该项目旨在达到火山的核心 - 形成，生长和驱动爆炸性喷发的气泡成核。该项目包括国际和国内合作，包括学生和博士后的跨大学心理，包括K-12的外展和本科和研究生的培训。学生。该项目将创建并验证岩浆中气泡成核和生长的统一数值模型，跨越最常见的爆发范围。目前，对气泡成核和生长的物理控制的严格定量理解受到与成核过程以及复杂的，不断发展的气泡生长有关的两个知识差距的阻碍。该项目将通过1）进行有针对性的实验来限制一种新颖的，理论的基础公式来克服这些知识差距，从而克服这些知识差距，从而将新型的知识差距结合起来，以捕获均质和异质成核； 2）创建一个气泡生长的数值模型，该模型捕获了相互作用气泡的同类集合行为，其中成核位点的分布可能会在时空和空间中发展； 3）结合成核公式和气泡生长模型以创建统一模型。整体气泡生长模型将使用成核公式在3D体积的熔体内进行随机和迭代分配核事件，并使用壳体模型来跟踪所得气泡的生长。该组合的数值模型将使用户能够确定自然喷发途径的岩浆性能的演变，并为从喷发产品颠倒而奠定了阶段，以推断起管性喷发条件。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并认为通过使用该基金会的知识分子和更广泛的影响来评估CRITERIA CRITERIA CRITERIA。