CAS-Climate: Identifying and Characterizing the Structures and Physical Properties of Sodiated Intermetallics

CAS-气候：识别和表征钠化金属间化合物的结构和物理性质

• 批准号: 2211067
• 负责人: Amy Prieto
• 金额: $ 52万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-15 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2211067&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAS; Climate; Identifying; Characterizing; Structures

Non-technical AbstractLithium-ion rechargeable batteries have been integrated into our everyday lives in mobile electronics, and are being incorporated in a significant way in various modes of transportation. There is increasing demand to extend new energy storage technologies toward emerging applications such as batteries for the energy produced by devices like solar cells or windmills. However, there is no one perfect battery for every application! With the support of the Solid State and Materials Chemistry Program in the Division of Materials Research, Dr. Amy Prieto of Colorado State University and her students are focused on developing better materials for sodium ion batteries, because sodium is much more naturally abundant than lithium. Another key aspect of this project is the training that students receive in electrochemistry and energy storage research. This addresses the desperate need in the United States for a workforce trained in this field. Technical AbstractA common approach to Na-ion battery research is to simply screen the top candidates from Li-ion battery technologies for use in Na-ion systems. Often, this strategy is fundamentally flawed as Li and Na exhibit surprisingly different chemistries. The chemistries developed for cathodes and anodes for Na-ion batteries are not nearly as well developed or understood as those of Li, and some of the best anode materials for storing Li do not store Na. As a result, alloying anode materials, including antimony-based (Sb-based) alloys, have been of great interest due to their relatively high gravimetric and volumetric capacities and their ability to operate at potentials similar to Na/Na+, resulting in high overall energy densities. However, the structures produced during Na insertion into Sb do not appear to follow the thermodynamically predicted intermediates based on phase diagrams, and instead often proceed via amorphous intermediates. With the support of the Solid State and Materials Chemistry Program in the Division of Materials Research, Dr. Amy Prieto of Colorado State University and her students study these insertion processes and the NaxSby compounds formed by electrochemically sodiating/desodiating metal antimonides (MSb), which present a very rich compositional and structural landscape that is yet to be fundamentally understood. They develop and test a toolbox of characterization techniques to study these phases and apply these findings to other alloy-based electrodes. Underlying their research efforts is the hypothesis that if one can identify and characterize the intermediate solid-state structures that are accessed as these anodes are sodiated and desodiated, a deep understanding of the thermodynamics and kinetics of this system along with new materials for clean energy applications will emerge.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术摘要锂离子充电电池已经通过移动电子产品融入了我们的日常生活，并且正在以一种重要的方式融入到各种交通方式中。 人们越来越需要将新能源存储技术扩展到新兴应用，例如用于太阳能电池或风车等设备产生的能源的电池。然而，没有一种电池适合所有应用！在材料研究部固态和材料化学项目的支持下，科罗拉多州立大学的 Amy Prieto 博士和她的学生致力于开发更好的钠离子电池材料，因为钠在自然界中比锂丰富得多。 该项目的另一个关键方面是学生在电化学和储能研究方面接受的培训。这解决了美国对在该领域接受过培训的劳动力的迫切需求。技术摘要钠离子电池研究的常见方法是简单地筛选用于钠离子系统的锂离子电池技术的最佳候选者。通常，这种策略存在根本性缺陷，因为锂和钠表现出惊人不同的化学性质。为钠离子电池的阴极和阳极开发的化学物质远不如锂那样发达或了解，并且一些用于存储锂的最佳阳极材料并不存储钠。因此，合金阳极材料，包括锑基（Sb 基）合金，由于其相对较高的重量和体积容量以及在类似于 Na/Na+ 的电势下工作的能力而引起了人们的极大兴趣，从而产生了较高的整体性能。能量密度。然而，Na 插入 Sb 过程中产生的结构似乎并不遵循基于相图的热力学预测中间体，而是经常通过无定形中间体进行。在材料研究部固态和材料化学项目的支持下，科罗拉多州立大学的 Amy Prieto 博士和她的学生研究了这些插入过程以及通过电化学钠化/去钠化金属锑化物 (MSb) 形成的 NaxSby 化合物，该化合物呈现出非常丰富的成分和结构景观，但尚有待从根本上理解。他们开发并测试了表征技术的工具箱来研究这些相并将这些发现应用于其他合金基电极。他们的研究工作的基础是这样的假设：如果人们能够识别和表征这些阳极钠化和脱钠时所访问的中间固态结构，那么就可以深入了解该系统的热力学和动力学以及用于清洁能源应用的新材料该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。