Collaborative Research: Microbes need frenemies: unveiling microbial relationships with protists and viruses that support deep-sea hydrothermal vent food webs

合作研究：微生物需要亦敌亦友：揭示微生物与支持深海热液喷口食物网的原生生物和病毒的关系

• 批准号: 2205192
• 负责人: Sarah Hu
• 金额: $ 34.13万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-15 至 2023-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2205192&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Microbes; need; frenemies

Non-technical abstractEcological interactions among microbes (bacteria and archaea), viruses, and eukaryotic microorganisms are critical junctions in marine food webs. These interactions range from mutually beneficial relationships to sources of microbial mortality. Interactions between viruses-microbes and eukaryotes-microbes at deep-sea hydrothermal vents impact local carbon cycling. This project aims to identify these microbial interactions, specifically those related to cell death by protistan grazing or viral lysis, and explore how they vary across different hydrothermal vent habitats. By providing a better understanding of the composition and nature of these relationships, the investigators aim to build a better food web model of deep-sea hydrothermal vents and improve our understanding of how climate change and other human activities impact the ecosystem. Outcomes from this project include the generation of new microbiology, oceanography, and computer science curricula targeted at community college students. In addition, it involves research with undergraduate students at all stages of the research process and provides opportunities for professional development and peer-to-peer mentoring.Technical abstractThis project examines trophic interactions among microbial eukaryotes, viruses, bacteria, and archaea at deep-sea hydrothermal vents using metagenomics and metatranscriptomics and characterizes these ecologically-significant interactions, such as mutualism, predator-prey, or virus-host. The investigators are sequencing samples collected to target archaea/bacteria, viruses, and eukaryotic grazers during a 2020 expedition to the Mid-Cayman Rise hydrothermal vent field to accomplish these goals. Specific aims of this project are to 1) Investigate the microbial, viral, and protistan assemblages and determine how lifestyle, community composition, and metabolism vary across venting fluids of the Mid-Cayman Rise; and 2) Identify ecologically-significant interactions among protists, viruses, bacteria, and archaea and incorporate these interactions into a model for turnover and exchange of carbon in the vent-associated food web. By modeling how trophic interactions influence microbial mortality, the proposed project substantially contributes to our understanding of the fate of carbon in one of the most productive ecosystems of the deep seaThis award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

微生物（细菌和古细菌），病毒和真核微生物之间的非技术抽象性相互作用是海洋食品网中的关键连接。这些相互作用范围从互惠关系到微生物死亡率的来源。病毒 - 微生物与真核生物 - 微水的 - 水热通风孔之间的相互作用会影响局部碳循环。该项目旨在确定这些微生物相互作用，特别是与Protistan放牧或病毒裂解相关的微生物相互作用，并探索它们如何在不同的水热栖息地中变化。通过对这些关系的组成和性质有更好的了解，研究人员旨在建立一个更好的深海水热通风孔模型，并提高我们对气候变化和其他人类活动如何影响生态系统的理解。该项目的结果包括针对社区大学生的新微生物学，海洋学和计算机科学课程。 In addition, it involves research with undergraduate students at all stages of the research process and provides opportunities for professional development and peer-to-peer mentoring.Technical abstractThis project examines trophic interactions among microbial eukaryotes, viruses, bacteria, and archaea at deep-sea hydrothermal vents using metagenomics and metatranscriptomics and characterizes these ecologically-significant interactions, such as mutualism,捕食者捕食或病毒宿主。研究人员正在对靶向古细菌/细菌，病毒和真核放牧者的测序样品进行测序。该项目的具体目的是1）研究微生物，病毒和原生动物的组合，并确定在中型中型升高的通风液中的生活方式，社区组成和代谢如何变化； 2）确定生态学上的重要相互作用，病毒，细菌和古细菌，并将这些相互作用纳入与通风相关的食物网中的营业额和交换模型中。通过建模营养相互作用如何影响微生物死亡率，该提议的项目在很大程度上有助于我们理解深Seathis奖最有生产力的生态系统之一，这反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的智力和更广泛影响的评估来通过评估来支持的，这是值得的。