Collaborative Research: Bees of the World - Phylogenomics, Biogeography, and Evolution of Host-Plant Associations

合作研究：世界蜜蜂 - 系统基因组学、生物地理学和寄主植物关联的进化

• 批准号: 2127744
• 负责人: Elizabeth Murray
• 金额: $ 117.67万
• 依托单位: Washington State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-10-01 至 2025-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2127744&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Bees; World; Phylogenomics

Bees are vitally important to agriculture, food security, and the preservation of natural ecosystems due to their pollination services. Over 85% of the 325,000 flowering plant species on the planet depend on animal pollination and the vast majority is carried out by bees. In the U.S.A. alone bees are responsible for the commercial production of 130 crop plants, generating over $11 billion in annual revenue. The value of bees to nature and human well-being is abundantly clear. The partnership between bees and flowering plants formed over 100 million years ago, and since that time, bees have radiated globally into an astounding 20,000+ different species, many of which are specialist pollinators of particular plant species or families. The study of bee biodiversity is urgently needed because there is growing evidence that some bee species are in decline and baseline knowledge of bee diversity, distribution, and family relationships is incomplete. The Bees of the World project has the potential to significantly improve knowledge of bee biodiversity and to establish a guide to interpret key traits of bees, such as their host-plant associations. By utilizing recent advances in DNA sequencing technology, a comprehensive tree-of-life for bees will be generated for the first time, providing a framework from which to study bee diversity and their relationships with plants. To disseminate results and general bee knowledge, the project will engage in multiple outreach efforts with professional and non-professional audiences. Activities include creation of a virtual bee course, teaching of a molecular methods workshop, and, in collaboration with the Natural History Museum of Utah, development of exhibits and youth education activities focused on pollinators.The project will use cutting edge molecular and analytical methods and engage a global network of collaborators to assemble a comprehensive phylogenomic dataset for bees. The project aims are to: (1) resolve remaining uncertainties in higher-level bee phylogeny and classification, (2) incorporate fossils to reconstruct the global biogeographic history of bees, revealing the origin and spread of bee diversity over time, and (3) analyze patterns of host-plant use across bees and for targeted clades at lower taxonomic levels, revealing how host-plant specialization has evolved and impacted rates of diversification in bees. To resolve the phylogeny of bees with improved confidence, the research team will use next-generation DNA sequencing approaches and novel laboratory methods to sequence bee species from across the globe. The project will generate low coverage genomes for most bee genera and ultraconserved element (UCE) data for over 3,000 species, filling in sampling gaps. The resulting bee phylogeny will serve as a framework to study bee classification, biogeography, and host-plant evolution. Comprehensive databases of bee fossil, distribution, and host-plant information will be created and made available to other researchers. Combining results from each component of the project will provide a comprehensive understanding of how bees have diversified and dispersed over time and how their partnership with plants has shaped their evolutionary trajectory.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

蜜蜂因其授粉服务而对农业、粮食安全和自然生态系统的保护至关重要。地球上 325,000 种开花植物中，超过 85% 依赖动物授粉，其中绝大多数是由蜜蜂授粉。仅在美国，蜜蜂就负责 130 种农作物的商业生产，年收入超过 110 亿美元。蜜蜂对自然和人类福祉的价值是非常明显的。蜜蜂和开花植物之间的伙伴关系形成于 1 亿多年前，从那时起，蜜蜂已在全球范围内辐射出超过 20,000 种不同的物种，其中许多是特定植物物种或科的专业传粉者。蜜蜂生物多样性的研究迫在眉睫，因为越来越多的证据表明，一些蜜蜂物种正在减少，而且蜜蜂多样性、分布和家庭关系的基线知识还不完整。世界蜜蜂项目有可能显着提高对蜜蜂生物多样性的了解，并建立解释蜜蜂关键特征的指南，例如它们与寄主植物的关联。通过利用 DNA 测序技术的最新进展，将首次生成全面的蜜蜂生命树，为研究蜜蜂多样性及其与植物的关系提供一个框架。为了传播结果和一般蜜蜂知识，该项目将与专业和非专业受众开展多项外展工作。活动包括创建虚拟蜜蜂课程、教授分子方法研讨会，以及与犹他州自然历史博物馆合作，开发以传粉媒介为重点的展览和青年教育活动。该项目将使用尖端的分子和分析方法，与全球合作者网络合作，构建全面的蜜蜂系统发育数据集。该项目的目标是：(1) 解决更高层次的蜜蜂系统发育和分类中剩余的不确定性，(2) 结合化石来重建蜜蜂的全球生物地理历史，揭示蜜蜂多样性随时间的起源和传播，以及 (3)分析蜜蜂和较低分类水平的目标进化枝的寄主植物使用模式，揭示寄主植物专业化如何演变以及如何影响蜜蜂的多样化率。为了更有信心地解析蜜蜂的系统发育，研究小组将使用下一代 DNA 测序方法和新颖的实验室方法对全球蜜蜂物种进行测序。该项目将为大多数蜂属生成低覆盖率基因组，并为 3,000 多个物种生成超保守元件 (UCE) 数据，从而填补采样空白。由此产生的蜜蜂系统发育将作为研究蜜蜂分类、生物地理学和寄主植物进化的框架。将创建蜜蜂化石、分布和寄主植物信息的综合数据库并提供给其他研究人员。结合该项目各个组成部分的结果，将全面了解蜜蜂如何随着时间的推移而多样化和分散，以及它们与植物的伙伴关系如何塑造它们的进化轨迹。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

Seven replacement names for bees in the genus Protandrena Cockerell, 1896 (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae: Panurginae)

Protandrena Cockerell 属蜜蜂的七个替代名称，1896（膜翅目：Andrenidae：Panurginae）

• DOI: 10.3956/2022-98.3.226
• 发表时间: 2022-07
• 期刊: The Pan-Pacific Entomologist
• 作者: Bossert, Silas;Neff, John L.
• 通讯作者: Neff, John L.

The North American bees of the genus Ptilothrix Cresson, 1878 (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Emphorini), with the description of two new species

北美 Ptilothrix Cresson 蜜蜂，1878 年（膜翅目、蜜蜂科、Emphorini），以及两个新种的描述

• DOI: 10.3897/jhr.95.96025
• 发表时间: 2023-02
• 期刊: Journal of Hymenoptera Research
• 影响因子: 1.3
• 作者: Flórez;Danforth, Bryan
• 通讯作者: Danforth, Bryan

A group of two: Scrapter peringueyi is not a synonym of Scrapter heterodoxus (Hymenoptera, Colletidae, Scraptrinae)

两个一组：Scrapter peringueyi 不是 Scrapter hetodoxus（膜翅目、Colletidae、Scraptrinae）的同义词

• DOI: 10.3897/afrinvertebr.63.76934
• 发表时间: 2022-01
• 期刊: African Invertebrates
• 影响因子: 0.3
• 作者: Bossert, Silas;van Noort, Simon
• 通讯作者: van Noort, Simon

Phylogenomics reveals within species diversification but incongruence with color phenotypes in widespread orchid bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossini)

系统基因组学揭示了广泛分布的兰花蜜蜂的物种多样性，但与颜色表型不一致（膜翅目：蜜蜂科：Euglossini）

• DOI: 10.1093/isd/ixad005
• 发表时间: 2023-03
• 期刊: Insect Systematics and Diversity
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Sandoval;Branstetter, Michael G;Cardoso, Carolina F;López
• 通讯作者: López

First Record and Long-Term Establishment of the Order Embioptera in Washington State

华盛顿州Embioptera的首次记录和长期建立

• DOI: 10.4289/0013-8797.124.2.195
• 发表时间: 2022-04
• 期刊: Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington
• 影响因子: 0.6
• 作者: Curtiss, R. T.;Skoda, Abigail;Bossert, Silas;Orpet, Robert J.
• 通讯作者: Orpet, Robert J.