EF: Collaborative Research: MTM 2: Marine Invertebrate Microbiome Assembly, Diversification, and Coevolution

EF：合作研究：MTM 2：海洋无脊椎动物微生物组组装、多样化和共同进化

• 批准号: 2150107
• 负责人: Purushotham Bangalore
• 金额: $ 53.69万
• 依托单位: University of Alabama Tuscaloosa
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-15 至 2025-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2150107&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EF; Collaborative; Research; MTM; Marine; EF; Collaborative; Research; MTM; Marine

Microbes associated with marine invertebrates are of broad interest for establishing the rules of life for host-microbe associations. Although some marine invertebrates host only one or two types of microbes, others host thousands of different kinds of microbes. The project goal is to understand how and why particular microbes are hosted by invertebrates; whether the diversity of these microorganisms is related to the diversity of their hosts; and how these associations change over evolutionary time. The investigators are training graduate, undergraduate, and high school students how to assess microbiome diversity; how to use novel software to search, categorize, and compile data from DNA sequence archives; and how to identify and classify marine invertebrates. They are integrating graduate students and undergraduate students in the development of a high-school-based program to mentor students in the assessment of marine invertebrate biodiversity, training the next generation of scientists in invertebrate biology, host-microbe ecology, and evolutionary data analyses. In addition, research scientists are being trained to use novel data mining and compilation software to address unexplored questions in host-microbe evolution.This project is investigating three ecological and evolutionary processes that structure the biodiversity of microbiomes: assembly, diversification, and coevolution. While previous studies have focused on the host-specificity of microbiomes, the project shifts the perspective from host evolution to microbial evolution. The project is developing models of host-symbiont interactions that function across multiple spatial, temporal, and taxonomic scales. By incorporating theories from evolutionary ecology and metacommunity ecology, the investigators are assessing the relative importance of environmental filtering, host-associated selection pressures, spatial connectivity, microbial competition, cospeciation, and host switching on the assembly of microbiomes. Through the use of phylogenetic comparative methods, the project is testing whether different clades of symbionts and clades of hosts respond to these forces differently. The investigators are examining how microbiomes both impact and respond to the process of host speciation in sympatry and allopatry. To accomplish these goals, novel software and evolutionary models are being developed to support large-scale analyses of microbial diversification and colonization of eukaryotic hosts. These models are being experimentally tested by using a replicated series of settlement structures to examine the assembly of sessile marine invertebrate communities and the assembly of their associated microbiomes. In addition, marine sponges are being used as model organisms to contrast allopatric and sympatric microbiome divergence over evolutionary time. These investigations are enhancing our broader understanding of the roles of microbiomes in sustaining biodiversity.This project is funded by the Understanding the Rules of Life: Microbiome Theory and Mechanisms Program, administered as part of NSF's Ten Big Ideas through the Division of Emerging Frontiers in the Directorate for Biological Sciences.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

与海洋无脊椎动物相关的微生物对于建立宿主微叶植物协会的生命规则具有广泛的兴趣。尽管一些海洋无脊椎动物仅容纳一种或两种类型的微生物，而另一些则容纳了数千种不同类型的微生物。项目目标是了解无脊椎动物托管特定微生物的方式以及为什么。这些微生物的多样性是否与宿主的多样性有关；以及这些关联在进化时期的变化。调查人员是培训毕业生，本科和高中生如何评估微生物组多样性；如何使用新颖的软件搜索，分类和编译DNA序列档案数据；以及如何识别和分类海洋无脊椎动物。他们正在整合研究生和本科生，以开发一项高中课程，以指导学生评估海洋无脊椎动物生物多样性，培训无脊椎动物生物学，宿主 - 微生物生态学和进化数据分析的下一代科学家。此外，正在对研究科学家进行培训，以使用新颖的数据挖掘和汇编软件来解决宿主 - 微生物进化中未开发的问题。该项目正在研究三个生态和进化过程，这些过程结构了微生物的生物多样性：组装，多元化，多元化和协调。虽然先前的研究集中在微生物组的宿主特异性上，但该项目将视角从宿主进化转移到微生物进化。该项目正在开发宿主 - 共生相互作用的模型，这些模型在多个空间，时间和分类尺度上起作用。通过纳入进化生态学和元社区生态学中的理论，研究人员正在评估环境过滤，宿主相关的选择压力，空间连通性，微生物竞争，同伴和宿主在微生物组的组装上的相对重要性。通过使用系统发育比较方法，该项目正在测试不同的共生体和宿主进化枝是否对这些力的反应是否有所不同。研究人员正在研究微生物群如何影响和对宿主形成过程中的同伴和异型响应。为了实现这些目标，正在开发新的软件和进化模型，以支持真核宿主的微生物多样化和定殖的大规模分析。 这些模型通过使用复制的一系列定居结构进行实验测试，以检查无脊椎动物无脊椎动物群落的组装及其相关微生物组的组装。此外，海洋海绵被用作模型生物，用于对比造影剂和同伴微生物组的差异，而不是进化时间。这些调查正在增强我们对微生物中的角色在维持生物多样性中的作用。该项目由理解生活规则的理解资助：微生物组理论和机制计划，通过NSF十大思想的一部分，通过对生物学奖的基础宣言，并以表现出色的Internition deem deem destutirory deem teem deems oveling the NSF的一部分。优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。