CAREER: Identifying and Controlling Interfacial and Structural Instabilities in Transition Metal Oxide Cathodes for Na-ion Batteries

职业：识别和控制钠离子电池过渡金属氧化物阴极的界面和结构不稳定性

• 批准号: 2142726
• 负责人: Omer Capraz
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: Oklahoma State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2023-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2142726&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Identifying; Controlling; Interfacial; Structural

This project is jointly funded by the CBET Electrochemical Systems program and the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) Program. Increasing energy demand associated with the growing population, environmental concerns, and technological advancements imposes pressure on modern society to utilize renewable energy sources. Sodium (Na)-ion batteries are promising candidates for large-scale/grid-scale energy storage in terms of availability of raw sources, cost reduction and its environmentally benign nature. However, the electrochemical performance of Na-ion batteries suffers from short cycle life and rapid capacity fade due to severe instabilities in the cathode materials. Lack of understanding of instability mechanisms limits the design of novel cathode materials for Na-ion batteries. The research program will generate fundamental knowledge of the underlying governing forces behind the instabilities and deformations in Na-ion cathodes. This knowledge is a potentially transformative concept for other “beyond Li-ion battery” technologies such as K-ion, Mg-ion, and Ca-ion batteries. The overarching educational objective in this CAREER proposal is to facilitate learning the fundamentals of batteries at K-12, undergraduate and graduate student levels as well as increase public knowledge of the fundamentals of battery operations. The educational and outreach activities include developing graphic novels about battery operation mechanisms for K-12 students, providing an educational platform for future K-12 teachers in STEM fields, preparing battery exhibits at a Science Museum, and integrating research outputs into college education. This CAREER proposal addresses the scientific problem related to poor interfacial and structural stabilities of transition metal oxide cathodes in Na-ion batteries. The proposal will focus on transition metal oxides made of earth abundant minerals such as manganese and iron. The goal of the research activities is to identify the impact of transition metals, operation voltage and electrolyte chemistry on chemo-mechanical instabilities in transition metal oxides cathodes. The guiding hypothesis is that intercalation of Na+ ions in transition metal oxide structure inevitably alters the coupled transport-reaction processes, leading to chemo-mechanical instabilities in the surface and structure of the electrode, resulting in rapid capacity fade. The project will examine the coupling between reaction-transport behavior and mechanical deformations in single and binary transition metal oxide cathodes cycled in organic liquid electrolytes. In operando stress / strain measurements will be coupled with chemical and structural characterization techniques to identify the governing force on interfacial and structural deformations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目由CBET电化学系统计划和启发竞争研究计划（EPSCOR）计划共同资助。随着人口不断增长，环境问题和技术进步而增加的能源需求不断对现代社会使用可再生能源的压力。就原始资源的可用性，降低成本及其环境性良性的性质而言，钠（NA） - 离子电池是大规模/网格尺度储能的候选者。但是，由于阴极材料中严重的不稳定性，Na-ion电池的电化学性能遭受了较短的周期寿命和迅速淡出的淡出。缺乏对不稳定机制的理解限制了NA-VICTIES的新型阴极材料的设计。该研究计划将对Na-ion阴极的不稳定性和变形背后的基本管理力量产生基本知识。这些知识是其他“超越锂离子电池”技术（例如K-ION，MG-ION和CA-ION电池）的潜在变革概念。这项职业建议的总体教育目标是促进在K-12，本科和研究生级别的电池基础上学习，并增加公众对电池运营基础的了解。教育和外展活动包括开发有关K-12学生电池操作机制的图形小说，为STEM领域的未来K-12教师提供教育平台，在科学博物馆准备电池展览，并将研究成果整合到大学教育中。该职业建议解决了与Na-ion电池中过渡金属氧化物阴极的界面和结构系统相关的科学问题。该提案将集中于由锰和铁等土壤丰富矿物质制成的过渡金属氧化物。研究活动的目的是确定过渡金属，操作电压和电解质化学对过渡金属氧化物阴极中化学机械不稳定性的影响。指导假设是在过渡金属氧化物结构中Na+离子的插入不可避免地会改变耦合的传输反应过程，从而导致电极表面和结构中的化学机械不稳定性，从而导致快速容量褪色。项目将检查反应传输行为与有机液体电解质中循环的单个和二元过渡金属氧化物阴极中的机械变形之间的耦合。在操作中，应与化学和结构表征技术相结合，以识别界面和结构变形的掌管力。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛影响的审查标准来通过评估来获得的支持。