Collaborative Research: Understanding the Impacts of Extreme Events on the Peoples of the Arctic

合作研究：了解极端事件对北极人民的影响

• 批准号: 2112314
• 负责人: Rosanne D'Arrigo
• 金额: $ 48.26万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-10-01 至 2024-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2112314&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Understanding; Impacts; Extreme

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).This project employs paleoclimatological and historical datasets to document environmental changes and their effects on Indigenous populations in northwestern North America. The investigators will compile and analyze tree-ring data to identify extreme climatic events for the period known as the Little Ice Age (~1450–1850). The tree-ring evidence will be compared to historical weather observations and Indigenous ethnohistories documenting human impacts (e.g., famine, migration). This project will test hypotheses regarding the response and sensitivity of Arctic communities and ecosystems to extreme environmental change, with emphasis on the impacts of volcanic forcing. Project goals include documenting climate history of northwestern North America using tree rings and determining the degree of convergence between the tree-ring data and historical, proxy and Indigenous evidence of extreme environmental change. Broader impacts of this project include the development of a series of multimedia undergraduate lab exercises focused on dendrochronology. These labs will familiarize students with the scientific use of tree-rings to reconstruct climate; the associated website will make the exercises available to educators nation-wide. The PI team will also work with an educational expert to develop a high-school-level climate change curriculum for use in local Indigenous communities. Research results will be disseminated via professional conferences and scientific publications.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项的全部或部分资金来源于《2021 年美国救援计划法案》（公法 117-2）。该项目采用古气候和历史数据集来记录环境变化及其对北美西北部土著居民的影响。编译和分析树木年轮数据，以确定小冰河时期（~1450-1850）期间的极端气候事件，并将树木年轮证据与历史天气观测和土著观测进行比较。记录人类影响（例如饥荒、移民）的民族历史。该项目将测试有关北极社区和生态系统对极端环境变化的反应和敏感性的假设，重点是火山强迫的影响。项目目标包括记录西北地区的气候历史。美国使用树木年轮并确定树木年轮数据与极端环境变化的历史、替代和本土证据之间的收敛程度。该项目的更广泛影响包括开发一系列多媒体本科实验室练习。这些实验室将使学生熟悉如何科学地利用树木年轮来重建气候；相关网站将向全国教育工作者提供这些练习。研究成果将通过专业会议和科学出版物传播。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。