Collaborative Research: RUI: A Phylogenomic Study of a Hyper-Diverse Flowering Plant Lineage, Subfamily Lamioideae (Lamiaceae)

合作研究：RUI：唇形亚科（唇形科）超多样化开花植物谱系的系统基因组研究

• 批准号: 2139310
• 负责人: TILOTTAMA ROY
• 金额: $ 39.35万
• 依托单位: Missouri Western State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-06-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2139310&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; RUI; Phylogenomic; Study

Understanding the evolutionary processes that lead to speciation remains a fundamental challenge in biology. As the sixth largest flowering plant family, the mint family (Lamiaceae) is exceptionally important ecologically, ethnobotanically, and floristically. Within the mint family, the second largest subfamily, the lamioid mints (Lamioideae), serves as an excellent model for exploring global patterns of plant diversification and evolutionary radiation, or a rapid increase in the number of species in a clade. This research will use high throughput DNA sequencing technologies to build a robust understanding of evolutionary relationships in the lamioid mints. The findings from this project will be of broad value to systematists, evolutionary biologists, and ecologists by helping close gaps in our fundamental understanding of how plants diversify, including the evolution of early flowering plants and colonization of newly formed habitats, such as volcanic islands. Information gathered from this project will also improve our knowledge of the comparative biology of lamioid mints, guide new product discovery, and aid in the development of conservation measures for endangered species. This project incorporates extensive opportunities for education and career training at multiple levels, including high school teachers, undergraduate students, a postdoctoral researcher, and an early-career female faculty. The project team will offer public seminars about lamioid mints, highlighting their research findings and broader implications. An important component of this project is to train and mentor undergraduate students, and twelve undergraduate students from Missouri Western State University will become actively involved in various aspects of this project.The lamioid mints, which have been categorized into 13 tribes, have a near cosmopolitan distribution, with most taxa found in the Old World and only two lineages having colonized the New World and Hawaiian Islands. Despite this widespread distribution and diversity, a solid phylogenomic framework of the lamioid mints, from which patterns of diversification and links to shifts in distribution, ecology, and genome dynamics can be explored, is still lacking. This project will utilize next-generation sequencing approaches involving targeted enrichment, transcriptomics, and broad taxonomic sampling from field and herbaria across the US to build a robust phylogenetic platform of the lamioid mints. The following major goals will be accomplished: 1) Circumscribe the major clades of Lamioideae and their interrelationships and make necessary taxonomic changes, including determining the placement of the two tribes comprising New World members, Stachydeae and Synandreae, and the basal tribes, Gomphostemmateae and Pogostemoneae; 2) Estimate the timing of key evolutionary events and rates of diversification; 3) Link diversifications in Lamioideae, particularly within Stachydeae and Synandreae, with shifts in biogeography, whole genome and gene duplication, and character trait evolution to identify possible key innovations and apparent repeated evolution of morphological characters.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

了解导致物种形成的进化过程仍然是生物学的基本挑战。作为第六大开花植物科，薄荷科（唇形科）在生态学、民族植物学和植物区系学上都极其重要。在薄荷科中，第二大亚科唇形薄荷属（Lamioideae）是探索植物多样化和进化辐射的全球模式或分支中物种数量快速增加的绝佳模型。这项研究将使用高通量 DNA 测序技术来深入了解唇形科薄荷的进化关系。该项目的研究结果对系统学家、进化生物学家和生态学家具有广泛的价值，有助于缩小我们对植物如何多样化的基本理解的差距，包括早期开花植物的进化和新形成的栖息地（如火山岛）的殖民化。从该项目收集的信息还将提高我们对唇形薄荷的比较生物学的了解，指导新产品的发现，并帮助制定濒危物种的保护措施。该项目包含了多层次的广泛教育和职业培训机会，包括高中教师、本科生、博士后研究员和早期职业女性教师。该项目团队将举办有关唇形薄荷糖的公开研讨会，重点介绍他们的研究成果和更广泛的影响。该项目的一个重要组成部分是培训和指导本科生，来自密苏里西部州立大学的 12 名本科生将积极参与该项目的各个方面。 唇形薄荷被分为 13 个部落，具有近乎国际化的特征分布，大多数类群发现于旧世界，只有两个谱系殖民于新世界和夏威夷群岛。尽管分布广泛且具有多样性，但仍然缺乏一个可靠的唇形薄荷植物系统发育框架，从中可以探索多样化模式以及与分布、生态和基因组动力学变化的联系。该项目将利用下一代测序方法，包括从美国各地的田间和植物标本室进行定向富集、转录组学和广泛的分类学采样，以建立一个强大的唇形薄荷系统发育平台。将实现以下主要目标： 1) 划定唇形科的主要分支及其相互关系，并进行必要的分类学改变，包括确定由新世界成员水苏族和水苏族组成的两个部落以及基础部落Gomphostemmateae和Pogostemoneae的位置; 2）估计关键进化事件的时间和多样化率； 3) 将唇形科植物的多样性，特别是水苏科和水竹科的多样性与生物地理学、全基因组和基因复制以及性状特征进化的变化联系起来，以确定可能的关键创新和形态特征的明显重复进化。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并已被通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，认为值得支持。