High Resolution Multi-Object Fiber-Fed Spectroscopy with Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors

具有微波动感电感探测器的高分辨率多目标光纤馈电光谱学

• 批准号: 2108651
• 负责人: Benjamin Mazin
• 金额: $ 101.56万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Barbara
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-15 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2108651&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Resolution; Multi; Object; Fiber; Fed

This project seeks to develop a new detector technology, called Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs), that would permit a spectrograph to be built that can take the spectra of many objects at the same time. An MKID detector also allows the color of all arriving light to be determined without the need for additional optics that result in some of the light being lost. This device has applications across and even beyond astronomy, from detecting life on planets around nearby stars to looking at the chemical compositions of stars in the Milky Way and nearby galaxies.Spectrographs with spectral resolution R10,000 are one of the most important tools for nearly every discipline in astronomy, but design has been nearly static for the last several decades. A high-resolution spectrograph usually contains a collimator, echelle grating, cross disperser, and finally a camera and science detector. The 2-d nature of the resulting light (echellogram) makes use of long slits practical but prevents spectral coverage of more than about a single order at the high multiplex factors demanded by modern spectroscopic observations. This means that observations with these instruments are limited to medium or low (R6,000) resolution, or very narrow spectral ranges at higher resolution, and this can preclude in depth chemical abundance analysis of the targets. This project proposes to build a testbed for new type of high-resolution multi-object spectrograph (HRMOS) using Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors, or MKIDs. MKIDs can determine the energy of each arriving photon without added read noise or dark current, and with microsecond temporal resolution. The wavelength discrimination of photons enabled by using MKID detectors removes the need of the optical cross disperser allowing the resulting echelle spectrograph to have a considerably simpler optical design. It allows the simultaneous measurement of the full echellogram of the output of many fibers using a series of parallel linear strips of MKIDs.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目旨在开发一种新的探测器技术，称为微波动感电感探测器（MKID），该技术将允许构建能够同时获取许多物体光谱的摄谱仪。 MKID 探测器还可以确定所有到达光的颜色，而无需额外的光学器件，否则会导致部分光丢失。 该设备的应用范围涵盖天文学甚至超越天文学，从探测附近恒星周围行星上的生命到观察银河系和附近星系中恒星的化学成分。光谱分辨率为 R10,000 的光谱仪是近乎最重要的工具之一。天文学的各个学科，但设计在过去几十年里几乎是静态的。高分辨率光谱仪通常包含准直器、阶梯光栅、交叉色散器，最后是相机和科学探测器。所产生的光（阶梯图）的二维性质使得长狭缝的使用变得实用，但在现代光谱观测所需的高复用因子下阻碍了超过约一个阶的光谱覆盖。这意味着使用这些仪器进行的观测仅限于中或低（R6,000）分辨率，或者在较高分辨率下非常窄的光谱范围，这可能妨碍对目标进行深入的化学丰度分析。该项目建议使用微波动感电感探测器（MKID）构建新型高分辨率多目标摄谱仪（HRMOS）的测试台。 MKID 可以确定每个到达光子的能量，无需添加读取噪声或暗电流，并且具有微秒时间分辨率。通过使用 MKID 探测器实现光子的波长辨别，无需光学交叉色散器，从而使中阶梯光栅摄谱仪具有相当简单的光学设计。它允许使用一系列平行的 MKID 线性条带同时测量许多光纤输出的完整阶梯图。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。