EAGER: Prototyping three-dimensional printing of sand columns for granular physics experiments

EAGER：用于颗粒物理实验的沙柱三维打印原型

• 批准号: 2136301
• 负责人: Vanshan Wright
• 金额: $ 22.5万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2136301&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Prototyping; three; dimensional; printing

This project aims to three-dimensional print sand grains and columns that replicate the mineral moduli, elastic moduli, and microstructures of naturally-deposited sands. The investigator will collect undisturbed naturally-deposited sands, fabricate thermoplastic, glass, and powder sintered grains, fabricate sand columns composed of thermoplastic and sintered grains, and compare the material properties of fabricated and naturally-deposited sand grains and columns. This project is exploratory and will require multiple parameter testing and/or trials and errors to refine the processes. The most high-risk high-payoff product will be printing sintered grains while preserving their microstructures. The successful development of these techniques will open several new research avenues in the micromechanics of sands, landscape evolution, and geohazard predictions. This work also broadens the participation of three early-career black men in Geoscience. The project will create a transition to Ph.D. program that will include participating in the University of California San Diego’s Competitive Edge, which is a six-week-long program that aims to give minoritized graduate students an opportunity to begin research before the start of their graduate program and to acclimate to the campus environment.This project will assess whether a combination of sediment collection, image processing, three-dimensional printing, and post-print techniques can produce sand grains and columns that adequately replicate the behaviors of natural sands. If successful, three dimensional printing of sand grains and columns will open new avenues of research for rock physicists, geophysicists, sedimentologists, geomorphologists, engineers, and granular physicists. As a rock physicist and a geophysicist, some questions that 3-D printing will allow the investigator to interrogate in new ways include: (1) what is the influence of grain texture on buckling of grains, which tend to trigger landslides, liquefaction, and earthquakes? (2) what is the fundamental theory governing granular flow, which occurs during compaction, fault zone shearing, soil and hillslope creep, and contact creep aging? (3) how do grain properties control force chain distributions, which strongly influence the resistance of sands to deformation? These questions relate to several unanswered geohazard processes that we cannot predict well partly because sands’ physical properties can combine to create a vast range of mechanical behaviors. The proposed work will inspire new research in the scientific community and bring us closer to understanding the fundamental physics that controls sands’ mechanical behaviors while helping to save or improve lives via better hazard forecasts and natural resource identification.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目旨在三维打印沙粒和柱体，以复制自然沉积沙子的矿物模量、弹性模量和微观结构。研究人员将收集未受干扰的自然沉积沙子，制造热塑性塑料、玻璃和粉末烧结颗粒。由热塑性颗粒和烧结颗粒组成的砂柱，并比较制造的和自然沉积的砂粒和柱的材料特性。该项目是探索性的，需要多个参数。测试和/或试验和错误来改进工艺将是打印烧结颗粒，同时保留其微观结构，这些技术的成功开发将为沙子、景观的微观力学开辟几个新的研究途径。这项工作还扩大了三名早期职业黑人在地球科学领域的参与范围，该项目将包括参加加州大学圣地亚哥分校的博士课程。竞争优势，这是一个为期六周的计划，旨在为少数族裔研究生提供在研究生课程开始之前开始研究并适应校园环境的机会。该项目将评估是否将沉积物收集、图像处理、三维打印和后打印技术可以产生充分复制天然沙子行为的沙粒和沙柱，如果成功，沙粒和沙柱的三维打印将为岩石物理学家开辟新的研究途径。作为一名岩石物理学家和地球物理学家，3D 打印将使研究人员能够以新的方式探究一些问题，包括：(1) 颗粒纹理对屈曲的影响是什么。 (2) 控制颗粒流的基本理论是什么，颗粒流在压实、断层剪切、土壤和山坡蠕变以及接触蠕变老化？（3）颗粒特性如何控制力链分布，从而强烈影响沙子的抗变形能力？这些问题与我们无法很好预测的几个未解答的地质灾害过程有关，部分原因是沙子的物理性质。所提出的工作将激发科学界的新研究，并使我们更深入地了解控制沙子机械行为的基础物理学，同时通过更好的灾害预测和帮助拯救或改善生命。自然资源鉴定。这授予 NSF 的法定使命，并通过评估反映使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，被认为值得支持。