CAREER: Bioaerosols and Enteric Pathogen Risk in Cities with Poor Sanitation

职业：卫生条件差的城市中的生物气溶胶和肠道病原体风险

• 批准号: 2135783
• 负责人: Joe Brown
• 金额: $ 50.05万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-01 至 2023-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2135783&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Bioaerosols; Enteric; Pathogen; Risk

PI Name: Joe BrownProposal Number: 1653226Many cities, especially in developing countries, have poor sanitation infrastructure characterized by a number of interconnected problems, including uncontained wastewater flows, lack of functional sewerage networks, open sewers, poor drainage, highly contaminated urban waterways, inadequate treatment of wastewater, and unsafe disposal of biosolids. Residents of cities with poor sanitation are exposed to a range of pathogens via a number of pathways, contributing to a high burden of disease. One pathway that has not yet been adequately characterized in these settings is the aeromicrobiological (AMB) pathway: the transport of pathogens in aerosols where uncontained fecal waste exists in close proximity to population centers. In this project the PI aims to advance our understanding of the role bioaerosols play in transmission of pathogens in these environments. Findings will be applicable to many settings in the US and other developed countries as well; these settings include areas of intensive animal agriculture, wastewater infrastructure, and biosolids management. Field studies will be integrated with innovative, hands-on, undergraduate engineering courses focused on environmental problems affecting global public health in underserved communities.The PI seeks to determine whether bioaerosols represent a source of persistent exposure to enteric pathogens in cities with poor sanitation. The objectives of a series of studies are to determine: (i) the prevalence, concentration, and potential viability of important human enteric pathogens in air samples from three cities in the developing world representing a range of conditions, across seasons and multiple years, via culture-dependent and culture-independent methods; (ii) particle size and source apportionment of aerosols containing enteric pathogens to develop models for transport and exposure; (iii) environmental and built environment variables that may be associated with the presence, concentration, and viability of these pathogens, including season, temperature and relative humidity, rainfall events, localized population density, and proximity to uncontained fecal wastes; and (iv) infection risks associated with potential exposures to pathogens through the AMB pathway, via quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA). This work will expand our understanding of how enteric pathogens are released, transmitted, and controlled in these highly contaminated settings, creating new knowledge at the intersection of engineering and global public health.

PI名称：Joe BrownPropoposal编号：1653226个城市，尤其是在发展中国家，其卫生基础设施较差，其特征是许多相互联系的问题，包括无关的废水流动，缺乏功能性的下水道网络，开放式下水道，较差的排水系统，排水量较差，高度污染的城市水道，不充分的燃料处理，对Wasosefer的处理以及对Wastepe的造成了不适当的处理。卫生条件差的城市居民通过多种途径暴露于一系列病原体，导致疾病负担很大。在这些环境中尚未充分表征的一条途径是航空生物学（AMB）途径：气溶胶中病原体的运输，在该气溶胶中，无染色的粪便废物与人口中心非常接近。在这个项目中，PI旨在促进我们对生物溶质作用在这些环境中病原体传播中所起的作用的理解。调查结果也适用于美国和其他发达国家的许多环境；这些环境包括强化动物农业，废水基础设施和生物固体管理领域。现场研究将与创新的，动手的本科工程课程集成，重点是影响服务不足社区的全球公共卫生的环境问题。PI试图确定生物美感是否代表了不良卫生城市中对城市中肠道病原体的持续暴露的根源。 一系列研究的目的是确定：（i）来自发展中国家三个城市的空气样本中重要人类病原体的普遍性，集中和潜在的生存能力，代表了各个季节和多年的范围，通过依赖文化和文化独立的方法； （ii）含有肠道病原体的气溶胶的粒径和源代码分配，以开发用于运输和暴露的模型； （iii）可能与这些病原体的存在，浓度和生存能力相关的环境和建筑环境变量，包括季节，温度和相对湿度，降雨事件，局部种群密度以及与无义粪便的邻近性； （iv）通过定量微生物风险评估（QMRA）通过AMB途径对病原体的潜在暴露相关的感染风险。这项工作将扩大我们对在这些高度污染的环境中如何释放，传播和控制肠道病原体的理解，从而在工程和全球公共卫生的交汇处创造了新知识。

项目成果

A systematic review of enteric pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes in outdoor urban aerosols

• DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113097
• 发表时间: 2022-03-26
• 期刊: ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
• 影响因子: 8.3
• 作者: Ginn, Olivia;Lowry, Sarah;Brown, Joe
• 通讯作者: Brown, Joe

Bioaerosol sampling optimization for community exposure assessment in cities with poor sanitation: A one health cross-sectional study

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139495
• 发表时间: 2020-05
• 期刊: The Science of the Total Environment
• 作者: L. Rocha-Melogno;O. Ginn;E. Bailey;F. Soria;M. Andrade;M. Bergin;Joe Brown;G. Gray;M. Deshusses

Detection and Quantification of Enteric Pathogens in Aerosols Near Open Wastewater Canals in Cities with Poor Sanitation

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c05060
• 发表时间: 2021-10-20
• 期刊: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
• 影响因子: 11.4
• 作者: Ginn, Olivia;Rocha-Melogno, Lucas;Brown, Joe
• 通讯作者: Brown, Joe

Assessment of antibiotic resistant coliforms from bioaerosol samples collected above a sewage-polluted river in La Paz, Bolivia

对玻利维亚拉巴斯污水污染河流上方收集的生物气溶胶样本中的抗生素耐药大肠菌群进行评估

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113494
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
• 影响因子: 6
• 作者: Salazar, D.;Ginn, O.;Brown, J.;Soria, F.;Garvizu, C.
• 通讯作者: Garvizu, C.

Antimicrobial resistance genes are enriched in aerosols near impacted urban surface waters in La Paz, Bolivia

• DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110730
• 发表时间: 2021-01-14
• 期刊: ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
• 影响因子: 8.3
• 作者: Ginn, Olivia;Nichols, Dennis;Brown, Joe
• 通讯作者: Brown, Joe