SaTC: CORE: Small: A Robust Framework with Rigorous Semantics and Security Guarantees for Election-Day Voter Check-in

SaTC：核心：小型：具有严格语义和安全保证的强大框架，用于选举日选民签到

• 批准号: 2131538
• 负责人: Alexander Schwarzmann
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: AUGUSTA UNIVERSITY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-10-01 至 2024-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2131538&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SaTC; CORE; Small; Robust; Framework

The broad concerns surrounding the integrity and security of electronic election systems used in the 2016 and 2020 Presidential Elections underscored the need for a rigorous scientific approach to designing and implementing such systems. While substantial research has been dedicated to electronic processing of ballots, vote aggregation, and audits, the very first step that enables voters to cast their votes on Election Day and that ensures the “one voter, one vote” imperative has not been the target of sufficient research. Moreover, in 2018 the Committee on the Future of Voting of the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine expressed serious concerns and risks associated with the use of electronic pollbooks. This project focuses on the problem of voter check-in in elections, an area that received surprisingly little attention from the community of researchers working on electronic election systems. The project’s novelties are the development of a rigorous scientific foundation for electronic check-in systems and the construction on that basis of a human-centric reference implementation that reflects the legal requirements for such systems. The project's broader significance and importance are potentially substantial savings to the taxpayer by developing and making available the technology ready to be used in constructing secure and trustworthy electronic poll book systems. This project proceeds along three dimensions: (a) socio-political, (b) software foundations, and (c) system implementation and evaluation. The project advances the state of the art in addressing the electronic check-in challenges, and the project includes the development of a reference implementation, serving as a proof of concept and used for evaluation purposes. The resulting system will be a secure and trustworthy electronic pollbook solution whose main purpose is to ensure "one voter, one vote" on Election Day. An electronic pollbook system is an inherently a dynamic distributed system where multiple check-in devices and/or servers must operate in concert in providing “one voter, one vote” guarantee, with security, integrity and auditability, and despite possible failures and the resulting need to dynamically reconfigure this distributed system on the fly. Such a system represents a convergence of several difficult problems in distributed computing as this includes: the need to reach consensus, the need to replicate for availability and fault-tolerance, the challenge of guaranteeing data consistency and longevity, the requirement for secure operation, the need to guarantee correctness in all executions, the ability to dynamically evolve the systems either because of failure or for reasons of performance. Equally importantly, electronic pollbooks is not a theoretical endeavor, but an important component of our democratic process in the digital age. This project develops and will make available the technology for constructing electronic poll book systems that are human-centric and that are based on rigorous research. The project involves graduate students, who are mentored by the investigators, and who are involved in research on the critically important problems of security and integrity in electronic election systems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

围绕2016年和2020年总统选举中使用的电子选举系统的完整性和安全性的广泛关注，需要严格的科学方法设计和实施此类系统。尽管大量研究致力于对选票，投票汇总和审计的电子处理，但使选民能够在选举日投票的第一步，这确保了“一名选民，一票”的必要性并不是足够研究的目标。此外，2018年，美国国家科学，工程和医学学院投票未来的委员会表达了与使用电子投票书相关的严重关注和风险。该项目着重于选举中选民签到的问题，该领域几乎没有从事电子选举系统的研究人员的关注。该项目的新颖性是为电子入住系统的严格科学基础的发展，以及以人为中心的参考实施为基础的构建，反映了这种系统的法律要求。通过开发和提供准备用于构建安全且值得信赖的电子民意测验书系统的技术，该项目的更广泛的意义和重要性可能可以为纳税人节省大量。该项目沿三个维度进行：（a）社会政治，（b）软件基础以及（c）系统实施和评估。该项目在应对电子签到挑战方面的艺术状况，该项目包括开发参考实施，作为概念证明并用于评估目的。最终的系统将是一个安全且值得信赖的电子投票书解决方案，其主要目的是确保在选举日“一票，一票”。电子投票簿系统是一种固有的动态分布式系统，在该系统中，多个登机设备和/或服务器必须协同运行，以提供“一票，一票”保证，具有安全性，完整性和可审核性，并希望可能发生故障，并且需要动态地重新配置此分布式系统。这样的系统代表了分布式计算中几个困难问题的融合，其中包括：达成共识，需要复制可用性和耐受性和耐受性，确保数据一致性和寿命的挑战，安全操作的需求，安全操作的需求，在所有执行方面的需求，在所有执行方面的正确性，要么在系统上进行操作的能力，因此要么在系统上进行动态的能力或为绩效而动态。同样重要的是，电子投票书不是理论上的努力，而是数字时代民主进程的重要组成部分。该项目的发展，并将提供用于构建以人为中心并且基于严格研究的电子民意调查系统的技术。该项目涉及研究生，他们被调查人员考虑，并且参与了电子选举系统中的安全和诚信至关重要的问题的研究。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准通过评估来评估的。

项目成果

Brief Announcement: Deterministic Consensus and Checkpointing with Crashes: Time and Communication Efficiency

简短公告：确定性共识和崩溃检查点：时间和通信效率

• DOI: 10.1145/3519270.3538471
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: PODC'22: Proceedings of the 2022 ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing
• 作者: Chlebus, Bogdan S.;Kowalski, Dariusz R.;Olkowski, Jan
• 通讯作者: Olkowski, Jan

Light Agents Searching for Hot Information

• DOI: 10.24963/ijcai.2022/52
• 发表时间: 2022-07
• 作者: D. Kowalski;Dominik Pajak

Adversarial Contention Resolution Games

对抗性竞争解决游戏

• DOI: 10.24963/ijcai.2023/289
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization
• 作者: Chionas, Giorgos;Chlebus, Bogdan S.;Kowalski, Dariusz R.;Krysta, Piotr
• 通讯作者: Krysta, Piotr

The Hermes BFT for Blockchains

区块链 Hermes BFT

• DOI: 10.1109/tdsc.2021.3114310
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing
• 影响因子: 7.3
• 作者: Jalalzai, Mohammad Mussadiq;Feng, Chen;Busch, Costas;Richard III, Golden;Niu, Jianyu
• 通讯作者: Niu, Jianyu

Towards a Robust Distributed Framework for Election-Day Voter Check-In

为选举日选民签到建立一个强大的分布式框架

• DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-91081-5_12
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: SSS 2021
• 作者: Alexander A. Schwarzmann