CAREER: Climate and competition interact to determine species' phenology and coexistence.

职业：气候和竞争相互作用，决定物种的物候和共存。

• 批准号: 2125586
• 负责人: Jeffrey Diez
• 金额: $ 79.2万
• 依托单位: University of Oregon Eugene
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-05-15 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2125586&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Climate; competition; interact; determine

The types of organisms found within a community are determined by the climate of an area and the presence of competitors, predators, and mutualists. Climate may also influence the timing of different yearly life events (referred to as phenology), such as when plants flower, insects emerge, and birds migrate. Because organisms may have different sensitivities to changes in temperature and rainfall, associated differences in the timing of their life events may lead to the 'reshuffling' of communities. In other words, these changes in the phenologies of organisms may lead some species to interact with new partners and lose their relationships others. This project will examine how changes in the timing of life events of plants may influence their competition with other plants, which in turn may influence the types of plants that will be found in an area. While focusing on wildflower communities in California, this project will inform our broader understanding of how plant diversity can be maintained given changing environmental conditions. This project will mentor underrepresented undergraduate students, will incorporate citizen scientists in data collection, and will train graduate students in advanced statistical methods. Although it is well documented that species vary in their phenological responses to changing climatic conditions, the causes of this variation are still poorly understood, as are the associated consequences for populations and communities. This project will examine how weather, phenology and competition interact to influence species fitness, coexistence, and the impacts of invasive species. By integrating results from a large scale distributed field experiment and a centralized local experiment (where precipitation and temperature, as well as, species diversity and densities can be manipulated), this study will test coexistence theory to understand how phenology and competition affect plant population dynamics and diversity. A partnership between citizen scientists and ecologists will extend current phenology monitoring approaches and collect demographic data for target species. Results from the field and experimental studies will be used to parameterize predictive demographic models.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

社区中发现的生物的类型取决于一个地区的气候以及竞争者，掠食者和共同主义者的存在。气候还可能影响不同年度生命事件（称为物候）的时机，例如植物开花，昆虫出现和鸟类迁移时。由于生物可能对温度和降雨的变化具有不同的敏感性，因此其人生事件时机的相关差异可能会导致社区的“改组”。换句话说，这些生物的物候变化可能会导致某些物种与新伴侣互动并失去其他人的关系。 该项目将研究植物生命事件时机的变化如何影响其与其他植物的竞争，这反过来又可能影响在某个地区发现的植物类型。在关注加利福尼亚的野花社区的同时，该项目将为我们更广泛的了解如何在环境状况变化的情况下保持植物多样性。该项目将指导代表性不足的本科生，将公民科学家纳入数据收集，并将以高级统计方法培训研究生。 尽管有充分的文献证明，物种对不断变化的气候条件的物候反应有所不同，但这种变化的原因仍然很少了解，对人口和社区的相关后果也是如此。该项目将研究天气，物候和竞争如何相互作用以影响物种健身，共存以及入侵物种的影响。通过将大规模分布的现场实验和集中式局部实验（可以操纵降水和温度以及物种多样性和密度）整合结果，这项研究将测试共存理论，以了解物候和竞争如何影响植物种群的动态和多样性。公民科学家与生态学家之间的伙伴关系将扩展当前的物候监测方法，并为目标物种收集人口统计数据。该领域的结果和实验研究将用于参数化预测性人口统计学模型。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并且使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准，被认为值得通过评估来获得支持。