Collaborative Research: How roots, regolith, rock and climate interact over decades to centuries — the R3-C Frontier.

合作研究：根系、风化层、岩石和气候在数十年至数百年中如何相互作用 - R3-C 前沿。

• 批准号: 2121694
• 负责人: Pamela Sullivan
• 金额: $ 62.42万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2121694&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; How; roots; regolith

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).This project will examine how the interaction of climate, the physical and chemical characteristics of the bedrock, and the action of vegetation, control the movement and storage of water and carbon on Earth’s surface. These processes in turn influence climate by altering important factors such as greenhouse gas concentrations like H2O and CO2. Human activities can change these pathways, and this research will enable the forecasting of the possible impacts upon the Earth-surface environment. To achieve this goal requires synthesizing existing datasets, collecting new data, and training teams of people in the fields of water science, geochemistry, soil science, geophysics, ecology, and Earth system modeling. The project will include 28 undergraduate students, four graduate students, and three postdoctoral scholars across seven universities to collectively explore how the interaction of plant roots and bedrock regulate water and carbon movement between the land and atmosphere. The project will also train 45 educators to develop discovery-based learning approaches in their classes, the products of which will be publicly accessible on available web platforms.This project will investigate when and to what degree bedrock exerts more control than roots on water and carbon fluxes. Using an interdisciplinary approach that incorporates new data collection, data harvesting, machine learning, and numerical modeling, this research will determine the mechanisms by which bedrock and fracture distributions govern the development of preferential flow paths. It will also examine depth, degree, and timing of coupling between the subsurface and atmosphere and its impact on water storage and fluxes. The project will explore how plant roots interact with bedrock to shape the subsurface structure, associated carbon storage, and transpiration rates. Methods will include 3D geophysical surveys and structural soil pore analyses to determine the occurrence of changes in the subsurface and how they govern root water uptake. Global in situ and remotely sensed data will be integrated via machine learning to discern emergent patterns in subsurface structure on larger scales. The project will leverage existing datasets and collect new data from the NSF Critical Zone Cluster Networks (CZCNs), National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON), and Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) programs. The ultimate outcome will be a comprehensive framework of hydro-biogeochemical linkages to forecast how climatic conditions and subsurface structure regulate hydrological flow and the carbon cycle.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项的全部或部分资金根据《2021 年美国救援计划法案》（公法 117-2）提供。该项目将研究气候、基岩的物理和化学特征以及植被的作用之间的相互作用，控制地球表面水和碳的移动和储存，这些过程反过来会通过改变水和二氧化碳等温室气体浓度来影响气候，而这项研究将能够预测可能的情况。为了实现这一目标，需要综合现有数据集，收集新数据，并培训水科学、地球化学、土壤科学、地球物理学、生态学和地球系统建模领域的人员。该项目包括 7 所大学的 28 名本科生、4 名研究生和 3 名博士后学者，共同探索植物根系和基岩的相互作用如何调节土地和大气之间的水和碳运动。该项目还将培训 45 名教育工作者，以培养基于发现的能力。学习方法在他们的课程中，其产品将在可用的网络平台上公开访问。该项目将使用结合新数据收集和数据收获的跨学科方法来调查基岩何时以及在何种程度上比根对水和碳通量施加更多的控制。 、机器学习和数值建模，这项研究将确定基岩和裂缝分布控制优先流动路径发展的机制，还将研究地下和大气之间耦合的深度、程度和时间及其对水的影响。该项目将。探索植物根部如何与基岩相互作用来塑造地下结构、相关碳储存和蒸腾速率。方法将包括 3D 地球物理调查和结构土壤孔隙分析，以确定地下变化的发生以及它们如何控制根部水分吸收。现场和遥感数据将通过机器学习进行整合，以识别更大范围内地下结构的新兴模式，该项目将利用现有数据集并从国家科学基金会关键区域集群网络（CZCN）收集新数据。生态观测网络（NEON）和长期生态研究（LTER）计划的最终成果将是一个水文生物地球化学联系的综合框架，以预测气候条件和地下结构如何调节水文流量和碳循环。该奖项反映了通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，NSF 的法定使命被认为值得支持。

项目成果

River water quality shaped by land–river connectivity in a changing climate

• DOI: 10.1038/s41558-023-01923-x
• 发表时间: 2024-03
• 期刊: Nature Climate Change
• 影响因子: 30.7
• 作者: Li Li-Li;J. Knapp;A. Lintern;G.-H. Crystal Ng;J. Perdrial;Pamela L. Sullivan;Wei Zhi

From Soils to Streams: Connecting Terrestrial Carbon Transformation, Chemical Weathering, and Solute Export Across Hydrological Regimes

• DOI: 10.1029/2022wr032314
• 发表时间: 2022-06
• 期刊: Water Resources Research
• 影响因子: 5.4
• 作者: H. Wen;P. Sullivan;S. Billings;H. Ajami;Alejandro Cueva;A. Flores;D. Hirmas;A. Koop;K. Murenbeeld;Xi Zhang;Li Li-Li

Root distributions, precipitation, and soil structure converge to govern soil organic carbon depth distributions

• DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116569
• 发表时间: 2023-09
• 期刊: Geoderma
• 影响因子: 6.1
• 作者: Ligia F. T. de Souza;D. Hirmas;P. Sullivan;D. Reuman;M. Kirk;Li Li-Li;H. Ajami;H. Wen;M. V. Sarto;T. Loecke;Aoesta K. Rudick;C. Rice;S. Billings

Expanding the Spatial Reach and Human Impacts of Critical Zone Science

• DOI: 10.1029/2023ef003971
• 发表时间: 2024-03-01
• 期刊: EARTHS FUTURE
• 影响因子: 8.2
• 作者: Singha，Kamini;Sullivan，Pamela L.;Zhu，Tieyuan
• 通讯作者: Zhu，Tieyuan

Drier streams despite a wetter climate in woody-encroached grasslands

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.130388
• 发表时间: 2023-11
• 期刊: Journal of Hydrology
• 影响因子: 6.4
• 作者: K. Sadayappan;R. Keen;K. M. Jarecke;Victoria Moreno;J. Nippert;Matthew F. Kirk;Pamela L. Sullivan;Li Li-Li