Collaborative Research: Ice Forcing in Arc Magma Plumbing Systems (IF-AMPS)

合作研究：电弧岩浆管道系统中的冰强迫 (IF-AMPS)

• 批准号: 2121372
• 负责人: Marissa Tremblay
• 金额: $ 10.66万
• 依托单位: Purdue University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2121372&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Ice; Forcing; Arc

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).A question at the frontier of Earth science is: how do changes in the climate system on our planet's surface interact with magma reservoirs housed within its interior? We will conduct a novel blend of field observations, lab measurements, and numerical model simulations in an integrated study of links between changes in glaciers and topography, and the behavior of several active volcanoes in Chile during the last 50,000 years. These volcanoes were partly covered by the 3,000 foot thick Patagonian ice sheet until it melted rapidly beginning 18,000 years ago. This natural laboratory offers unparalleled means to investigate how the rapid loss of ice impacted the composition and rates of eruptions from these volcanoes. This project will provide career-building experience for several PhD students. A volcano & ice Summer program will engage technical school students from underrepresented groups in the US and Chile in field- and lab-based experiences, including training in drone technology for data collection and geologic mapping. Our collaborations with Chilean scientists and educators aim to: (1) enhance knowledge of the growth rates and eruptive histories of several of the most dangerous volcanoes in South America, thereby improving hazard assessment, (2) generate new climate proxy data critical to calibrating our numerical model of ice sheet retreat, and (3) train students from the communities living near these volcanoes. Utilizing new and existing geochronologic, geochemical, glacial and erosion/deposition observations within the Andean Southern Volcanic Zone, we aim to couple a suite of numerical models to test and refine three hypotheses: (1) Over short timescales (100,000 year), the composition, volume, and timing of eruptions are strongly influenced by climate-driven changes in surface loading. These short-term responses modulate the long-term (100,000 year) average eruptive characteristics, which are governed by mantle melt flux, (2) Crustal stress changes associated with the local onset of rapid deglaciation and erosion at 18,000 years ago promoted eruptions by enhancing volatile exsolution that in turn pressurized stored magma and propelled dike propagation to the surface, and (3) Responses to rapid unloading will vary among volcanoes, reflecting contrasts in the composition, volatile contents, and compressibility of stored magma, as well as the rate at which crustal reservoirs are recharged from depth. This variability can be exploited to reveal fundamental controls on the sensitivity of glaciated arcs to the climate system. To investigate these hypotheses, we will pursue four objectives: (1) Generate high-resolution records of cone growth, eruptive behavior, and geochemical evolution of six volcanoes during the last ~50,000 years spanning 250 km along the subduction zone, (2) Build new records of ice retreat, and landscape evolution owing to the erosion, transport, and deposition of sediment adjacent to the six volcanoes, (3) Use the observed chemical and physical patterns in the volcanic, climatic, and topographic records to constrain crustal loading through time, and explore the effects of this forcing in numerical models, and (4) Integrate findings to contextualize processes in continental settings, and provide a framework for examining the sensitivity of arc volcanism to external forcing elsewhere and across a spectrum of climate states throughout Earth history.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项是根据2021年《美国救援计划法》（公法117-2）全部或部分资助的。地球科学边界的问题是：我们地球表面上气候系统的变化如何与内部内部内部的岩浆储层相互作用？在过去50，000年内，冰川变化与地形的变化以及智利的几座活火山的行为，我们将在田间观测，实验室测量和数值模型模拟中进行新颖的结合。这些火山部分被3,000英尺厚的巴塔哥尼亚冰盖覆盖，直到从18，000年前开始迅速融化。该天然实验室提供了无与伦比的手段，可以研究冰的快速损失如何影响这些火山的爆发的成分和速率。该项目将为几位博士生提供职业建设经验。一项火山和冰夏季计划将吸引来自美国和智利群体不足的团体和基于实验室的经验的技术学校学生，包括用于数据收集和地质映射的无人机技术培训。我们与智利科学家和教育者的合作旨在：（1）增强对南美几个最危险的火山的增长率和爆发历史的了解，从而改善危险评估，（2）产生新的气候代理数据，这对于校准了我们在冰纸撤退附近的数值模型，以及（3）培训这些居住在这些卫生馆的学生的数值模型至关重要。利用安第斯南部火山区域内的新的和现有的地质学，地球化学，冰川和侵蚀/沉积观测，我们旨在将一套数值模型搭配以测试和完善三个假设：（1）在短时间（100,000年）（100,000年）（100,000年），构成，体积，体积，体积，体积和爆发的时机都受到了强度的变化。这些短期反应调节了长期（100,000年）的平均喷发特性，该特征受地幔熔体的融合约束，（2）与18，000年前快速退化和侵蚀局部局部发作相关的地壳压力变化，从而促进了爆发，从而增强了爆发，从而增强了挥发性的降解，从而使储存的磁性易于稳定的岩浆和倾向的倾向，并在3.火山，反映了储存岩浆的组成，挥发性和可压缩性的对比度，以及从深度充实地壳储层的速度。可以利用这种可变性来揭示冰川弧对气候系统的敏感性的基本控制。为了调查这些假设，我们将追求四个目标：（1）在过去的〜50,000年中，六个火山的锥体生长，喷发行为和地球化学进化的高分辨率记录沿俯冲带250 km，（2）建立新的冰撤退的新记录，并构建了六伏特的进化记录，并构建了六伏特的进化，并构建了3卷，该量的交通工具，以及（交通工具）的居民（运输，运输，运输，运输，运输，运输，运输，运输，运输，运输，运输，运输，运输，运输，运输，运输，运输，运输，运输，运输，运输，以及（2）在火山，气候和地形记录中观察到的化学和物理模式，以限制随着时间的推移的地壳负载，并探索这种强迫在数值模型中的影响，（（4）将发现整合到上下文中，以使陆上环境中的过程相结合，并提供一个框架，以便在跨越范围的范围和范围内的范围内的范围内宣告范围，并构成了跨越范围的范围，并跨越了跨越范围的范围。使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的审查标准，通过评估被认为值得支持。