Disaster Recovery and Response Innovation through Fuel Cell Deployment

通过燃料电池部署进行灾难恢复和响应创新

基本信息

批准号：
2053856
负责人：
Destenie Nock
金额：
$ 40万
依托单位：
Carnegie-Mellon University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-01-01 至 2024-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2053856&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Disaster Recovery Response Innovation through

项目摘要

In the past decade, natural disasters (e.g., wildfires and hurricanes) have been exacerbated by climate change, yet the methods for improving community resilience to electricity power outages resulting from these disasters have remained largely unchanged. At the household and community levels, most resilience efforts related to electricity supply focus on deploying rooftop solar or diesel generators. While these resources can provide backup power, there are barriers to ownership (e.g., roof space for solar photovoltaics and proper ventilation for diesel generators) and they are not always attainable for low-income populations. This Disaster Resilience Research Grants (DRRG) project investigates the degree to which modular micro-grids built on novel technologies (e.g., solid-oxide fuel cells) can supply constant electrical power during disaster response and humanitarian relief efforts. This work will benefit communities by allowing more residents to remain in place after disasters, enabling healthcare responders to maintain more facilities, and reducing the area impacted by power outages.The research investigates and crafts disaster mitigation strategies for an emerging technology (fuel-cell-based microgrids) by combining economic analysis, electricity planning, and operations research methods. This novel approach will facilitate new energy transition analyses that can assess the degree to which decentralized infrastructure will reduce the electrical outage time, and provides a framework for better deployment of initial humanitarian relief efforts immediately following disasters. The work will combine a microgrid optimization model with a multi-criteria decision analysis model to evaluate 1) the capability of these emerging technologies to supply uninterruptible power during disasters, and 2) the trade-offs between cost, resilience, and equity objectives.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在过去的十年中，自然灾害（例如野火和飓风）因气候变化而加剧，但提高社区应对这些灾害造成的停电的能力的方法基本上没有改变。在家庭和社区层面，与电力供应相关的大多数弹性努力都集中在部署屋顶太阳能或柴油发电机。虽然这些资源可以提供备用电力，但所有权存在障碍（例如，太阳能光伏发电的屋顶空间和柴油发电机的适当通风），而且低收入人群并不总是可以获得这些资源。该抗灾研究补助金 (DRRG) 项目调查基于新技术（例如固体氧化物燃料电池）的模块化微电网在灾难响应和人道主义救援工作期间提供持续电力的程度。这项工作将使更多的居民在灾后留在原地，使医疗保健响应人员能够维护更多的设施，并减少受停电影响的区域，从而使社区受益。该研究调查并制定了新兴技术（燃料电池-基于微电网）结合经济分析、电力规划和运筹学方法。这种新颖的方法将促进新的能源转型分析，从而评估分散式基础设施减少停电时间的程度，并为在灾难发生后立即更好地部署初步人道主义救援工作提供一个框架。这项工作将把微电网优化模型与多标准决策分析模型相结合，以评估 1) 这些新兴技术在灾难期间提供不间断电力的能力，以及 2) 成本、弹性和公平目标之间的权衡。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。