ERASE-PFAS: Collaborative Research: Development of Quantitative Tools to Assess the Mechanisms and Full Potential of UV-ARPs for the Treatment of PFASs in Water

ERASE-PFAS：合作研究：开发定量工具来评估 UV-ARP 处理水中 PFAS 的机制和全部潜力

• 批准号: 2050934
• 负责人: Garrett McKay
• 金额: $ 34.9万
• 依托单位: Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2050934&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ERASE; PFAS; Collaborative; Research; Development

PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) are a group of man-made chemicals that have been widely used for many decades. PFAS contain numerous carbon-fluorine bonds that makes them extremely stable. This stability has led to them being called “forever chemicals.” The broad use of PFAS has resulted in widespread contamination of soil and water. This finding is of great concern, as PFAS exposure have been linked to serious health effects, such as cancer and birth defects. The urgency of this problem is made greater because PFAS are resistant to most conventional chemical and biological water treatment processes. One new technology that has shown promise for PFAS destruction in water is Advanced Reduction Processes (ARPs). ARPs produce electrons in water, which can react with PFAS to degrade halogenated compounds like PFAS. The goal of this project is to determine the potential of ARPs for remediating PFAS contaminated water. This goal will be achieved through research to: i) identify the important reactions occurring in the electron-based PFAS destruction process, and ii) develop quantitative tools for predicting PFAS degradation in ARP systems. Successful completion of this research holds promise to develop new technology to effectively treat PFAS contaminated water. Additional benefits to society result from increasing the Nation’s STEM workforce through the engagement and training of graduate and undergraduate students in research, as well as training of high school STEM teachers during summer training programs.Hydrated electrons are one of the strongest known reductants. Recent studies show that the hydrated electron is capable of reducing fluorine atoms in PFAS, including PFOA and PFOS, to non-toxic fluoride. However, a significant barrier preventing application of hydrated electrons for PFAS destruction is the lack of quantitative knowledge of hydrated electron-based processes in real-world waters. The goal of this project is to develop the quantitative data and tools necessary to assess the full potential of Ultraviolet-based Advanced Reduction Processes (UV-ARP) by addressing the underlying mechanistic limitations of hydrated electron-based PFAS degradation. This overall goal will be realized by focusing on three complementary objectives to: i) characterize the hydrated electron-based destruction efficiencies of parent PFAS and absolute fluoride yields, ii) develop the quantitative methods needed to predict PFAS degradation rates by UV-ARPs in real-world waters, and iii) use these quantitative tools to develop a “best case” UV-ARP treatment and compare this optimized system to other PFAS degradation technologies. These objectives will be accomplished using state-of-the-science time-resolved and steady-state radiolysis, combined with bench-scale UV-ARP experiments and kinetic modeling. The research will be integrated with education and outreach through high school STEM teacher training programs and engagement of undergraduate researchers at a primarily undergraduate institution. Additional benefits to society result from the sharing of research findings and recommendations for water treatment practitioners through partnership with the Orange County Water District, one of the largest full-scale advanced water treatment facilities in the Nation. Successful completion of this research will advance the fundamental science and engineering potential of ARPs for PFAS treatment in real-world waters.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

PFAS（全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质）是一组已广泛使用数十年的人造化学品，PFAS 含有大量碳氟键，使其极其稳定，因此被称为“永久化学品”。 ” “PFAS 的广泛使用导致了土壤和水的广泛污染，这一发现令人非常担忧，因为 PFAS 暴露与癌症和出生缺陷等严重健康影响有关，这一问题更加紧迫。因为PFAS 能够抵抗大多数传统的化学和生物水处理工艺，高级还原工艺 (ARP) 可以在水中产生电子，从而降解 PFAS 等卤化化合物。该项目的目标是确定 ARP 修复 PFAS 污染水的潜力。该目标将通过研究来实现：i) 确定基于电子的 PFAS 中发生的重要反应。 ii) 开发预测 ARP 系统中 PFAS 降解的工具，有望定量开发有效处理 PFAS 污染水的新技术，通过参与和增加国家 STEM 劳动力，为社会带来额外好处。对研究生和本科生进行研究培训，以及在暑期培训计划中对高中 STEM 教师进行培训。水合电子是已知最强的还原剂之一，最近的研究表明，水合电子能够还原氟原子。然而，阻碍水合电子用于 PFAS 破坏的一个重要障碍是缺乏对现实水域中水合电子过程的定量了解。目的是开发必要的定量数据和工具，通过解决水合电子基 PFAS 降解的潜在机制限制来评估基于紫外线的高级还原工艺 (UV-ARP) 的全部潜力。该目标将通过关注三个互补的目标来实现：i) 表征母体 PFAS 的水合电子破坏效率和绝对氟化物产量，ii) 开发预测现实世界中 UV-ARP 的 PFAS 降解率所需的定量方法iii) 使用这些工具开发“最佳案例”UV-ARP 处理，并将该优化系统与其他定量 PFAS 降解技术进行比较，这些目标将通过使用最先进的时间分辨技术来实现。该研究将通过高中 STEM 教师培训计划和本科生研究人员的参与与教育和推广相结合，为社会带来额外好处。该研究是与奥兰治县水区合作，为水处理从业者分享研究成果和建议的结果，奥兰治县水区是美国最大的全面先进水处理设施之一，这项研究的成功完成将提升基础科学和工程潜力。现实世界中用于 PFAS 治疗的 ARP 的数量该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Reactivity of Dissolved Organic Matter with the Hydrated Electron: Implications for Treatment of Chemical Contaminants in Water with Advanced Reduction Processes

溶解有机物与水合电子的反应性：对采用高级还原工艺处理水中化学污染物的影响

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00909
• 发表时间: 2023-05
• 期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
• 影响因子: 11.4
• 作者: Fennell, Benjamin D.;Fowler, Douglas;Mezyk, Stephen P.;McKay, Garrett
• 通讯作者: McKay, Garrett

Quantifying Hydrated Electron Transformation Kinetics in UV-Advanced Reduction Processes Using the R e–,UV Method

使用 R e-UV 方法量化 UV 高级还原过程中的水合电子转化动力学

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02003
• 发表时间: 2022-07
• 期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
• 影响因子: 11.4
• 作者: Fennell, Benjamin D.;Odorisio, Adam;McKay, Garrett
• 通讯作者: McKay, Garrett

Reactivity of Dissolved Organic Matter with the Hydrated Electron: Implications for Treatment of Chemical Contaminants in Water with Advanced Reduction Processes

溶解有机物与水合电子的反应性：对采用高级还原工艺处理水中化学污染物的影响

• 发表时间: 2023-01
• 期刊: Environmental science technology
• 作者: Fennell, B.D.;Fowler, D.;Mezyk, S.P.;McKay, G.
• 通讯作者: McKay, G.

Critical Review of UV-Advanced Reduction Processes for the Treatment of Chemical Contaminants in Water

用于处理水中化学污染物的紫外线先进还原工艺的严格审查

• DOI: 10.1021/acsenvironau.1c00042
• 发表时间: 2022-05-18
• 期刊: ACS Environmental Au
• 作者: Fennell, Benjamin D;Mezyk, Stephen P;McKay, Garrett
• 通讯作者: McKay, Garrett