Doctoral Dissertation Research: Another piece of the Arctic carbon puzzle: quantifying emissions from Arctic lakes in drier regions

博士论文研究：北极碳难题的另一部分：量化干旱地区北极湖泊的排放

• 批准号: 2113908
• 负责人: Jasmine Saros
• 金额: $ 5.84万
• 依托单位: University of Maine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2113908&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Another; piece

Lakes are a dominant feature of the Arctic landscape and can be important sources of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, but large-scale Arctic carbon budgets usually neglect carbon emissions from lakes. Moreover, studies of carbon emissions from northern lakes have largely been limited to regions where lakes are connected to thawing permafrost. Emissions from lakes located in drier landscapes, which cover about 25% of the northern permafrost region, have been relatively understudied. Consequently, it is uncertain to what degree lakes located in drier regions contribute to carbon emissions, a problem that likely will worsen as much of the Arctic is predicted to become warmer and drier in the future. This project addresses both critical gaps. First, the researchers are using automated sensors to measure carbon emissions from lakes in West Greenland, a region experiencing rapid warming and declining precipitation. The researchers are also synthesizing their lake emission measurements with previously published observations to assess how differences in climate patterns impact fluxes of carbon dioxide between lakes and the atmosphere. The results of this research will be presented in interdisciplinary academic panels, popular science magazines, youth science programs, and discussed with West Greenland communities. The Kangerlussuaq region in West Greenland located along a hydro-climatic gradient serves as a model landscape for studying the implications of warmer and drier Arctic conditions for carbon dynamics in inland waters. The researchers are quantifying carbon emissions from a suite of lakes along a climate-precipitation gradient that mimics shifts from cooler and wetter climate to drier and warmer conditions throughout the whole year, using high-frequency, in situ sensors. These sensors are providing the first annual, temporally well resolved measurements of carbon dioxide emissions from lakes in poorly hydrologically connected, arid Arctic landscapes. The researchers are upscaling their measurements to the regional level and comparing them with terrestrial carbon fluxes in the surrounding landscape. This research is highlighting the heterogeneity of the Arctic carbon cycle and its role in the full Arctic system.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

湖泊是北极景观的主要特征，可能是二氧化碳到大气中的重要来源，但是大规模的北极碳预算通常忽略了湖泊的碳排放。此外，对来自北部湖泊的碳排放的研究很大程度上仅限于与永久冻土相关的区域。 位于干燥景观中的湖泊的排放量占多年冻土北部地区的约25％，已经相对研究。因此，尚不确定较干燥地区的湖泊在多大程度上导致碳排放量，这一问题可能会恶化，预计将来会变得更加温暖和干燥。 该项目解决了两个关键差距。首先，研究人员正在使用自动传感器来测量西格陵兰湖的碳排放，该地区经历了快速变暖和降水量下降的地区。 研究人员还通过先前发表的观察结果综合其湖泊排放测量值，以评估气候模式的差异如何影响湖泊和大气之间二氧化碳的通量。 这项研究的结果将在跨学科的学术小组，受欢迎的科学杂志，青年科学计划中介绍，并与西格陵兰社区进行了讨论。位于西格陵兰的Kangerlussuaq地区沿着水力气候梯度沿着水力渐变，是研究北极北方水域碳动态较温暖和干燥的北极条件的含义的模型景观。研究人员正在沿着气候至关重要的梯度量化一组湖泊的碳排放，该湖泊模仿了从凉爽，较湿的气候转变为全年，全年使用高频的现场传感器的变化。这些传感器提供了第一个年度的，临时解决的测量值，该测量是从水文连接不良的北极景观中湖中二氧化碳排放的。研究人员将其测量结果提升到区域水平，并将其与周围景观中的陆生碳通量进行比较。这项研究强调了北极碳周期的异质性及其在北极系统中的作用。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准，认为值得通过评估来获得支持。