Doctoral Dissertation Research: Another piece of the Arctic carbon puzzle: quantifying emissions from Arctic lakes in drier regions

博士论文研究：北极碳难题的另一部分：量化干旱地区北极湖泊的排放

• 批准号: 2113908
• 负责人: Jasmine Saros
• 金额: $ 5.84万
• 依托单位: University of Maine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2113908&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Another; piece

Lakes are a dominant feature of the Arctic landscape and can be important sources of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, but large-scale Arctic carbon budgets usually neglect carbon emissions from lakes. Moreover, studies of carbon emissions from northern lakes have largely been limited to regions where lakes are connected to thawing permafrost. Emissions from lakes located in drier landscapes, which cover about 25% of the northern permafrost region, have been relatively understudied. Consequently, it is uncertain to what degree lakes located in drier regions contribute to carbon emissions, a problem that likely will worsen as much of the Arctic is predicted to become warmer and drier in the future. This project addresses both critical gaps. First, the researchers are using automated sensors to measure carbon emissions from lakes in West Greenland, a region experiencing rapid warming and declining precipitation. The researchers are also synthesizing their lake emission measurements with previously published observations to assess how differences in climate patterns impact fluxes of carbon dioxide between lakes and the atmosphere. The results of this research will be presented in interdisciplinary academic panels, popular science magazines, youth science programs, and discussed with West Greenland communities. The Kangerlussuaq region in West Greenland located along a hydro-climatic gradient serves as a model landscape for studying the implications of warmer and drier Arctic conditions for carbon dynamics in inland waters. The researchers are quantifying carbon emissions from a suite of lakes along a climate-precipitation gradient that mimics shifts from cooler and wetter climate to drier and warmer conditions throughout the whole year, using high-frequency, in situ sensors. These sensors are providing the first annual, temporally well resolved measurements of carbon dioxide emissions from lakes in poorly hydrologically connected, arid Arctic landscapes. The researchers are upscaling their measurements to the regional level and comparing them with terrestrial carbon fluxes in the surrounding landscape. This research is highlighting the heterogeneity of the Arctic carbon cycle and its role in the full Arctic system.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

湖泊是北极地貌的主要特征，也是大气中二氧化碳的重要来源，但大规模的北极碳预算通常忽略了湖泊的碳排放。此外，对北部湖泊碳排放的研究很大程度上仅限于湖泊与融化的永久冻土层相连的地区。 位于较干燥地区的湖泊覆盖了北部永久冻土区约 25% 的面积，但对这些湖泊的排放的研究相对较少。因此，目前尚不清楚位于干旱地区的湖泊在多大程度上会导致碳排放，随着北极大部分地区预计未来将变得更加温暖和干燥，这一问题可能会变得更加严重。 该项目解决了这两个关键差距。首先，研究人员正在使用自动传感器来测量西格陵兰岛湖泊的碳排放量，该地区正在经历快速变暖和降水量减少。 研究人员还将他们的湖泊排放测量值与之前发表的观测结果相结合，以评估气候模式的差异如何影响湖泊和大气之间的二氧化碳通量。 这项研究的结果将在跨学科学术小组、科普杂志、青少年科学项目中展示，并与西格陵兰社区进行讨论。格陵兰岛西部康克鲁斯瓦克地区位于水文气候梯度沿线，可作为研究北极变暖和干燥条件对内陆水域碳动态影响的模型景观。研究人员正在利用高频原位传感器，沿着气候降水梯度来量化一组湖泊的碳排放量，该梯度模拟全年从较凉爽和湿润的气候向干燥和温暖条件的转变。这些传感器首次对水文联系较差的干旱北极地区湖泊的二氧化碳排放量进行了年度、时间上分辨率良好的测量。研究人员正在将他们的测量结果扩大到区域水平，并将其与周围景观的陆地碳通量进行比较。这项研究强调了北极碳循环的异质性及其在整个北极系统中的作用。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，认为值得支持。